6Z88

human GTP cyclohydrolase I in complex with allosteric inhibitor

6Z88 の概要

• エントリーDOI: 10.2210/pdb6z88/pdb
• 分子名称: GTP cyclohydrolase 1, 5-azanyl-[1,3]thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,7-dione, ZINC ION, ... (4 entities in total)
• 機能のキーワード: gtp cyclohydrolase i, ec:3.5.4.16, tetrahydrobiopterin (bh4) synthesis, cytosol, zinc ion binding, hydrolase activity, metal ion binding, nucleotide binding, allosteric inhibitor, hydrolase
• 由来する生物種: Homo sapiens (Human)
• タンパク質・核酸の鎖数: 10
• 化学式量合計: 255201.62

構造登録者

Ebenhoch, R.,Nar, H. (登録日: 2020-06-02, 公開日: 2020-12-09, 最終更新日: 2024-01-24)

主引用文献

Ebenhoch, R.,Prinz, S.,Kaltwasser, S.,Mills, D.J.,Meinecke, R.,Rubbelke, M.,Reinert, D.,Bauer, M.,Weixler, L.,Zeeb, M.,Vonck, J.,Nar, H.
A hybrid approach reveals the allosteric regulation of GTP cyclohydrolase I.
Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 117:31838-31849, 2020

PubMed Abstract: Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase I (GCH1) catalyzes the conversion of GTP to dihydroneopterin triphosphate (H2NTP), the initiating step in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). Besides other roles, BH4 functions as cofactor in neurotransmitter biosynthesis. The BH4 biosynthetic pathway and GCH1 have been identified as promising targets to treat pain disorders in patients. The function of mammalian GCH1s is regulated by a metabolic sensing mechanism involving a regulator protein, GCH1 feedback regulatory protein (GFRP). GFRP binds to GCH1 to form inhibited or activated complexes dependent on availability of cofactor ligands, BH4 and phenylalanine, respectively. We determined high-resolution structures of human GCH1-GFRP complexes by cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM). Cryo-EM revealed structural flexibility of specific and relevant surface lining loops, which previously was not detected by X-ray crystallography due to crystal packing effects. Further, we studied allosteric regulation of isolated GCH1 by X-ray crystallography. Using the combined structural information, we are able to obtain a comprehensive picture of the mechanism of allosteric regulation. Local rearrangements in the allosteric pocket upon BH4 binding result in drastic changes in the quaternary structure of the enzyme, leading to a more compact, tense form of the inhibited protein, and translocate to the active site, leading to an open, more flexible structure of its surroundings. Inhibition of the enzymatic activity is not a result of hindrance of substrate binding, but rather a consequence of accelerated substrate binding kinetics as shown by saturation transfer difference NMR (STD-NMR) and site-directed mutagenesis. We propose a dissociation rate controlled mechanism of allosteric, noncompetitive inhibition.

PubMed: 33229582
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2013473117

実験手法

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2.687 Å)