3HMT

Crystal structure of the N-terminal fragment (28-126) of the human hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, trigonal crystal form

Summary for 3HMT

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb3hmt/pdb
• Related: 1BHT 1GMN 1GMO 1GP9 1NK1 2HGF 2QJ2 2QJ4 3HMR 3HMS 3HN4
• Descriptor: Hepatocyte growth factor (2 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: hgf/sf, hormone/growth factor, disulfide bond, glycoprotein, growth factor, kringle, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, serine protease homolog, hormone
• Biological source: Homo sapiens (human)
• Total number of polymer chains: 2
• Total formula weight: 23589.36

Authors

Tolbert, W.D. (deposition date: 2009-05-29, release date: 2010-06-09, Last modification date: 2023-09-06)

Primary citation

Tolbert, W.D.,Daugherty-Holtrop, J.,Gherardi, E.,Vande Woude, G.,Xu, H.E.
Structural basis for agonism and antagonism of hepatocyte growth factor.
Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 107:13264-13269, 2010

PubMed Abstract: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is an activating ligand of the Met receptor tyrosine kinase, whose activity is essential for normal tissue development and organ regeneration but abnormal activation of Met has been implicated in growth, invasion, and metastasis of many types of solid tumors. HGF has two natural splice variants, NK1 and NK2, which contain the N-terminal domain (N) and the first kringle (K1) or the first two kringle domains of HGF. NK1, which is a Met agonist, forms a head-to-tail dimer complex in crystal structures and mutations in the NK1 dimer interface convert NK1 to a Met antagonist. In contrast, NK2 is a Met antagonist, capable of inhibiting HGF's activity in cell proliferation without clear mechanism. Here we report the crystal structure of NK2, which forms a "closed" monomeric conformation through interdomain interactions between the N- domain and the second kringle domain (K2). Mutations that were designed to open up the NK2 closed conformation by disrupting the N/K2 interface convert NK2 from a Met antagonist to an agonist. Remarkably, this mutated NK2 agonist can be converted back to an antagonist by a mutation that disrupts the NK1/NK1 dimer interface. These results reveal the molecular determinants that regulate the agonist/antagonist properties of HGF NK2 and provide critical insights into the dimerization mechanism that regulates the Met receptor activation by HGF.

PubMed: 20624990
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1005183107

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2 Å)