1WAQ

Crystal structure of human Growth and Differentiation Factor 5 (GDF-5)

Summary for 1WAQ

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb1waq/pdb
• Related: 2BHK
• Descriptor: GROWTH/DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR 5, (4S)-2-METHYL-2,4-PENTANEDIOL (3 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: growth factor, tgf-beta superfamily, cytokine
• Biological source: HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN)
• Cellular location: Secreted: P43026
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 13760.00

Authors

Mueller, T.D.,Nickel, J.,Sebald, W. (deposition date: 2004-10-27, release date: 2005-05-19, Last modification date: 2024-10-16)

Primary citation

Nickel, J.,Kotzsch, A.,Sebald, W.,Mueller, T.D.
A Single Residue of Gdf-5 Defines Binding Specificity to Bmp Receptor Ib.
J.Mol.Biol., 349:933-, 2005

PubMed Abstract: Growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5), a member of the TGF-beta superfamily, is involved in many developmental processes, like chondrogenesis and joint formation. Mutations in GDF-5 lead to diseases, e.g. chondrodysplasias like Hunter-Thompson, Grebe and DuPan syndromes and brachydactyly. Similar to other TGF-beta superfamily members, GDF-5 transmits signals through binding to two different types of membrane-bound serine-/threonine-kinase receptors termed type I and type II. In contrast to the large number of ligands, only seven type I and five type II receptors have been identified to date, implicating a limited promiscuity in ligand-receptor interaction. However, in contrast to other members of the TGF-beta superfamily, GDF-5 shows a pronounced specificity in type I receptor interaction in cross-link experiments binding only to BMP receptor IB (BMPR-IB). In mice, deletion of either GDF-5 or BMPR-IB results in a similar phenotype, indicating that GDF-5 signaling is highly dependent on BMPR-IB. Here, we demonstrate by biosensor analysis that GDF-5 also binds to BMP receptor IA (BMPR-IA) but with approximately 12-fold lower affinity. Structural and mutational analyses revealed a single residue of GDF-5, Arg57 located in the pre-helix loop, being solely responsible for the high binding specificity to BMPR-IB. In contrast to wild-type GDF-5, variant GDF-5R57A interacts with BMPR-IA and BMPR-IB with a comparable high binding affinity. These results provide important insights into how receptor-binding specificity is generated at the molecular level and might be useful for the generation of receptor subtype specific activators or inhibitors.

PubMed: 15890363
DOI: 10.1016/J.JMB.2005.04.015

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2.28 Å)