8BBQ

Determination of the structure of active tyrosinase from bacterium Verrucomicrobium spinosum

Summary for 8BBQ

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb8bbq/pdb
• Descriptor: Core tyrosinase, GLYCEROL, SULFATE ION, ... (5 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: tyrosinase, copper, verrucomicrobium spinosum, ppo, metal binding protein
• Biological source: Verrucomicrobium spinosum
• Total number of polymer chains: 2
• Total formula weight: 74606.64

Authors

Fekry, M.,Dave, K.,Badgujar, D.,Aurelius, O.,Hamnevik, E.,Dobritzsch, D.,Danielson, H. (deposition date: 2022-10-14, release date: 2023-09-20, Last modification date: 2023-10-11)

Primary citation

Fekry, M.,Dave, K.K.,Badgujar, D.,Hamnevik, E.,Aurelius, O.,Dobritzsch, D.,Danielson, U.H.
The Crystal Structure of Tyrosinase from Verrucomicrobium spinosum Reveals It to Be an Atypical Bacterial Tyrosinase.
Biomolecules, 13:-, 2023

PubMed Abstract: Tyrosinases belong to the type-III copper enzyme family, which is involved in melanin production in a wide range of organisms. Despite similar overall characteristics and functions, their structures, activities, substrate specificities and regulation vary. The tyrosinase from the bacterium (Tyr) is produced as a pre-pro-enzyme in which a C-terminal extension serves as an inactivation domain. It does not require a caddie protein for copper ion incorporation, which makes it similar to eukaryotic tyrosinases. To gain an understanding of the catalytic machinery and regulation of Tyr activity, we determined the structure of the catalytically active "core domain" of Tyr by X-ray crystallography. The analysis showed that Tyr is an atypical bacterial tyrosinase not only because it is independent of a caddie protein but also because it shows the highest structural (and sequence) similarity to plant-derived members of the type-III copper enzyme family and is more closely related to fungal tyrosinases regarding active site features. By modelling the structure of the pre-pro-enzyme using AlphaFold, we observed that Phe453, located in the C-terminal extension, is appropriately positioned to function as a "gatekeeper" residue. Our findings raise questions concerning the evolutionary origin of Tyr.

PubMed: 37759761
DOI: 10.3390/biom13091360

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.43 Å)