7NVR

Human Mediator with RNA Polymerase II Pre-initiation complex

Summary for 7NVR

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb7nvr/pdb
• EMDB information: 12610
• Descriptor: TFIIH basal transcription factor complex helicase XPD subunit, Cyclin-H, DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit, ... (61 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: mediator complex, rna polymerase ii, tfiih, pre-initiation complex, transcription
• Biological source: Homo sapiens (Human); More
• Total number of polymer chains: 58
• Total formula weight: 1978502.12

Authors

Rengachari, S.,Schilbach, S.,Aibara, S.,Cramer, P. (deposition date: 2021-03-15, release date: 2021-05-05, Last modification date: 2024-07-10)

Primary citation

Aibara, S.,Schilbach, S.,Cramer, P.
Structures of mammalian RNA polymerase II pre-initiation complexes.
Nature, 594:124-128, 2021

PubMed Abstract: The initiation of transcription is a focal point for the regulation of gene activity during mammalian cell differentiation and development. To initiate transcription, RNA polymerase II (Pol II) assembles with general transcription factors into a pre-initiation complex (PIC) that opens promoter DNA. Previous work provided the molecular architecture of the yeast and human PIC and a topological model for DNA opening by the general transcription factor TFIIH. Here we report the high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of PIC comprising human general factors and Sus scrofa domesticus Pol II, which is 99.9% identical to human Pol II. We determine the structures of PIC with closed and opened promoter DNA at 2.5-2.8 Å resolution, and resolve the structure of TFIIH at 2.9-4.0 Å resolution. We capture the TFIIH translocase XPB in the pre- and post-translocation states, and show that XPB induces and propagates a DNA twist to initiate the opening of DNA approximately 30 base pairs downstream of the TATA box. We also provide evidence that DNA opening occurs in two steps and leads to the detachment of TFIIH from the core PIC, which may stop DNA twisting and enable RNA chain initiation.

PubMed: 33902107
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03554-8

Experimental method

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (4.5 Å)