6QYX

p38(alpha) MAP kinase with the activation loop of ERK2

Summary for 6QYX

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb6qyx/pdb
• Related: 2NPQ
• Descriptor: Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14,Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1,Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14, octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, 4-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-1-PIPERAZINE ETHANESULFONIC ACID, ... (4 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: nled, effector, t3ss, map kinase, phosphorylation, transferase
• Biological source: Homo sapiens (Human); More
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 42513.55

Authors

Livnah, O.,Eitan-Wexler, M.,Vinograd, N. (deposition date: 2019-03-10, release date: 2020-04-01, Last modification date: 2024-05-01)

Primary citation

Gur-Arie, L.,Eitan-Wexler, M.,Weinberger, N.,Rosenshine, I.,Livnah, O.
The bacterial metalloprotease NleD selectively cleaves mitogen-activated protein kinases that have high flexibility in their activation loop.
J.Biol.Chem., 295:9409-9420, 2020

PubMed Abstract: Microbial pathogens often target the host mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) network to suppress host immune responses. We previously identified a bacterial type III secretion system effector, termed NleD, a metalloprotease that inactivates MAPKs by specifically cleaving their activation loop. Here, we show that NleDs form a growing family of virulence factors harbored by human and plant pathogens as well as insect symbionts. These NleDs disable specifically Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38s that are required for host immune response, whereas extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which is essential for host cell viability, remains intact. We investigated the mechanism that makes ERK resistant to NleD cleavage. Biochemical and structural analyses revealed that NleD exclusively targets activation loops with high conformational flexibility. Accordingly, NleD cleaved the flexible loops of JNK and p38 but not the rigid loop of ERK. Our findings elucidate a compelling mechanism of native substrate proteolysis that is promoted by entropy-driven specificity. We propose that such entropy-based selectivity is a general attribute of proteolytic enzymes.

PubMed: 32404367
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.013590

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.66 Å)