6E0B

Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase C276F mutant bound with triazolopyrimidine-based inhibitor DSM1

Summary for 6E0B

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb6e0b/pdb
• Related: 3I65 3I68 3I6R
• Descriptor: Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial, 5-methyl-7-(naphthalen-2-ylamino)-1H-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,8-diium, FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE, ... (7 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: plasmodium falciparum, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, triazolopyrimidine, inhibitor, dsm1, fad, flavoprotein, membrane, mitochondrion, mitochondrion inner membrane, oxidoreductase, pyrimidine biosynthesis, transit peptide
• Biological source: Plasmodium falciparum (isolate 3D7)
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 46825.39

Authors

Tomchick, D.R.,Phillips, M.A.,Deng, X. (deposition date: 2018-07-06, release date: 2018-11-14, Last modification date: 2023-10-11)

Primary citation

White, J.,Dhingra, S.K.,Deng, X.,El Mazouni, F.,Lee, M.C.S.,Afanador, G.A.,Lawong, A.,Tomchick, D.R.,Ng, C.L.,Bath, J.,Rathod, P.K.,Fidock, D.A.,Phillips, M.A.
Identification and Mechanistic Understanding of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Point Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum that Confer in Vitro Resistance to the Clinical Candidate DSM265.
ACS Infect Dis, 5:90-101, 2019

PubMed Abstract: Malaria is one of the most challenging human infectious diseases, and both prevention and control have been hindered by the development of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to existing therapies. Several new compounds with novel mechanisms are in clinical development for the treatment of malaria, including DSM265, an inhibitor of Plasmodium dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. To explore the mechanisms by which resistance might develop to DSM265 in the field, we selected for DSM265-resistant P. falciparum parasites in vitro. Any of five different amino acid changes led to reduced efficacy on the parasite and to decreased DSM265 binding to P. falciparum DHODH. The DSM265-resistant parasites retained full sensitivity to atovaquone. All but one of the observed mutations were in the DSM265 binding site, and the remaining C276F was in the adjacent flavin cofactor site. The C276F mutation was previously identified in a recrudescent parasite during a Phase IIa clinical study. We confirmed that this mutation (and the related C276Y) accounted for the full level of observed DSM265 resistance by regenerating the mutation using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. X-ray structure analysis of the C276F mutant enzyme showed that conformational changes of nearby residues were required to accommodate the larger F276 residue, which in turn led to a restriction in the size of the DSM265 binding pocket. These findings underscore the importance of developing DSM265 as part of a combination therapy with other agents for successful use against malaria.

PubMed: 30375858
DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00211

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2.099 Å)