5NH4

Crystal structure of xylose isomerase from Piromyces E2 in complex with one Mg2+ ions and glycerol

Summary for 5NH4

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb5nh4/pdb
• Descriptor: Xylose isomerase, MAGNESIUM ION, SULFATE ION, ... (5 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: isomerase, tim-barrel
• Biological source: Piromyces sp. E2
• Total number of polymer chains: 4
• Total formula weight: 199233.13

Authors

Rozeboom, H.J.,Janssen, D.B. (deposition date: 2017-03-21, release date: 2017-11-01, Last modification date: 2024-01-17)

Primary citation

Lee, M.,Rozeboom, H.J.,de Waal, P.P.,de Jong, R.M.,Dudek, H.M.,Janssen, D.B.
Metal Dependence of the Xylose Isomerase from Piromyces sp. E2 Explored by Activity Profiling and Protein Crystallography.
Biochemistry, 56:5991-6005, 2017

PubMed Abstract: Xylose isomerase from Piromyces sp. E2 (PirXI) can be used to equip Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the capacity to ferment xylose to ethanol. The biochemical properties and structure of the enzyme have not been described even though its metal content, catalytic parameters, and expression level are critical for rapid xylose utilization. We have isolated the enzyme after high-level expression in Escherichia coli, analyzed the metal dependence of its catalytic properties, and determined 12 crystal structures in the presence of different metals, substrates, and substrate analogues. The activity assays revealed that various bivalent metals can activate PirXI for xylose isomerization. Among these metals, Mn is the most favorable for catalytic activity. Furthermore, the enzyme shows the highest affinity for Mn, which was established by measuring the activation constants (K) for different metals. Metal analysis of the purified enzyme showed that in vivo the enzyme binds a mixture of metals that is determined by metal availability as well as affinity, indicating that the native metal composition can influence activity. The crystal structures show the presence of an active site similar to that of other xylose isomerases, with a d-xylose binding site containing two tryptophans and a catalytic histidine, as well as two metal binding sites that are formed by carboxylate groups of conserved aspartates and glutamates. The binding positions and conformations of the metal-coordinating residues varied slightly for different metals, which is hypothesized to contribute to the observed metal dependence of the isomerase activity.

PubMed: 29045784
DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00777

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.8 Å)