3GGU

HIV PR drug resistant patient's variant in complex with darunavir

Summary for 3GGU

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb3ggu/pdb
• Related: 3GGT
• Descriptor: Protease, (3R,3AS,6AR)-HEXAHYDROFURO[2,3-B]FURAN-3-YL(1S,2R)-3-[[(4-AMINOPHENYL)SULFONYL](ISOBUTYL)AMINO]-1-BENZYL-2-HYDROXYPROPYLCARBAMATE (3 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: darunvir, resistance, mutation score, hiv protease, tmc-114, hydrolase
• Biological source: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (BRU ISOLATE)
• Cellular location: Matrix protein p17: Virion (Potential). Capsid protein p24: Virion (Potential). Nucleocapsid protein p7: Virion (Potential). Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H: Virion (Potential). Integrase: Virion (Potential): P03367
• Total number of polymer chains: 2
• Total formula weight: 22455.06

Authors

Saskova, K.G.,Brynda, J.,Rezacova, P. (deposition date: 2009-03-02, release date: 2009-08-11, Last modification date: 2023-09-06)

Primary citation

Saskova, K.G.,Kozisek, M.,Rezacova, P.,Brynda, J.,Yashina, T.,Kagan, R.M.,Konvalinka, J.
Molecular characterization of clinical isolates of human immunodeficiency virus resistant to the protease inhibitor darunavir.
J.Virol., 83:8810-8818, 2009

PubMed Abstract: Darunavir is the most recently approved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease (PR) inhibitor (PI) and is active against many HIV type 1 PR variants resistant to earlier-generation PIs. Darunavir shows a high genetic barrier to resistance development, and virus strains with lower sensitivity to darunavir have a higher number of PI resistance-associated mutations than viruses resistant to other PIs. In this work, we have enzymologically and structurally characterized a number of highly mutated clinically derived PRs with high levels of phenotypic resistance to darunavir. With 18 to 21 amino acid residue changes, the PR variants studied in this work are the most highly mutated HIV PR species ever studied by means of enzyme kinetics and X-ray crystallography. The recombinant proteins showed major defects in substrate binding, while the substrate turnover was less affected. Remarkably, the overall catalytic efficiency of the recombinant PRs (5% that of the wild-type enzyme) is still sufficient to support polyprotein processing and particle maturation in the corresponding viruses. The X-ray structures of drug-resistant PRs complexed with darunavir suggest that the impaired inhibitor binding could be explained by change in the PR-inhibitor hydrogen bond pattern in the P2' binding pocket due to a substantial shift of the aminophenyl moiety of the inhibitor. Recombinant virus phenotypic characterization, enzyme kinetics, and X-ray structural analysis thus help to explain darunavir resistance development in HIV-positive patients.

PubMed: 19535439
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00451-09

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.8 Å)