3BXM

Structure of an inactive mutant of human glutamate carboxypeptidase II [GCPII(E424A)] in complex with N-acetyl-Asp-Glu (NAAG)

Summary for 3BXM

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb3bxm/pdb
• Descriptor: Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2, N-Acetyl-Aspartyl-Glutamate (NAAG), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose, ... (9 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: protein-substrate complex, carboxypeptidase, dipeptidase, glycoprotein, hydrolase, membrane, metal-binding, metalloprotease, multifunctional enzyme, protease, signal-anchor, transmembrane
• Biological source: Homo sapiens (human); More
• Cellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Isoform PSMA': Cytoplasm: Q04609
• Total number of polymer chains: 2
• Total formula weight: 82981.10

Authors

Lubkowski, J.,Barinka, C. (deposition date: 2008-01-14, release date: 2009-01-27, Last modification date: 2024-10-16)

Primary citation

Klusak, V.,Barinka, C.,Plechanovova, A.,Mlcochova, P.,Konvalinka, J.,Rulisek, L.,Lubkowski, J.
Reaction mechanism of glutamate carboxypeptidase II revealed by mutagenesis, X-ray crystallography, and computational methods.
Biochemistry, 48:4126-4138, 2009

PubMed Abstract: Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII, EC 3.4.17.21) is a zinc-dependent exopeptidase and an important therapeutic target for neurodegeneration and prostate cancer. The hydrolysis of N-acetyl-l-aspartyl-l-glutamate (N-Ac-Asp-Glu), the natural dipeptidic substrate of the GCPII, is intimately involved in cellular signaling within the mammalian nervous system, but the exact mechanism of this reaction has not yet been determined. To investigate peptide hydrolysis by GCPII in detail, we constructed a mutant of human GCPII [GCPII(E424A)], in which Glu424, a putative proton shuttle residue, is substituted with alanine. Kinetic analysis of GCPII(E424A) using N-Ac-Asp-Glu as substrate revealed a complete loss of catalytic activity, suggesting the direct involvement of Glu424 in peptide hydrolysis. Additionally, we determined the crystal structure of GCPII(E424A) in complex with N-Ac-Asp-Glu at 1.70 A resolution. The presence of the intact substrate in the GCPII(E424A) binding cavity substantiates our kinetic data and allows a detailed analysis of GCPII/N-Ac-Asp-Glu interactions. The experimental data are complemented by the combined quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations (QM/MM) which enabled us to characterize the transition states, including the associated reaction barriers, and provided detailed information concerning the GCPII reaction mechanism. The best estimate of the reaction barrier was calculated to be DeltaG(++) approximately 22(+/-5) kcal x mol(-1), which is in a good agreement with the experimentally observed reaction rate constant (k(cat) approximately 1 s(-1)). Combined together, our results provide a detailed and consistent picture of the reaction mechanism of this highly interesting enzyme at the atomic level.

PubMed: 19301871
DOI: 10.1021/bi900220s

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.71 Å)