31AK

Structure of native human leukocyte myeloperoxidase

Summary for 31AK

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb31ak/pdb
• EMDB information: 58198
• Descriptor: Myeloperoxidase light chain, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose, Myeloperoxidase, ... (10 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: innate immunity, neutrophils, phagocytosis, netosis, oxidoreductase
• Biological source: Homo sapiens (human); More
• Total number of polymer chains: 4
• Total formula weight: 140334.32

Authors

Leitgeb, U.,Pfanzagl, V.,Guo, Y.,Emde, T.,Borek, D. (deposition date: 2026-05-20, release date: 2026-10-07)

Primary citation

Leitgeb, U.,Guo, Y.,Emde, T.,Ruocco, V.,Simak, T.,Zdenkovic, E.,Furtmuller, P.G.,Borek, D.,Nauseef, W.M.,Oostenbrink, C.,Pfanzagl, V.
Interface N-glycans drive myeloperoxidase dimerization in vitro.
Int.J.Biol.Macromol., :154499-154499, 2026

PubMed Abstract: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a highly glycosylated heme oxidoreductase that, together with lactoperoxidase (LPO) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), contributes to host defence through the generation of (pseudo)hypohalous acids. Among the human heme peroxidases, mature MPO forms a unique covalently linked homodimer. Dimerization enhances stability and is essential for some biological functions, including chromatin disruption during neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Thus, we hypothesized that MPO dimerization must reflect a tightly regulated step in MPO biosynthesis and is driven by specific structural elements. Cross-species sequence alignment indicated that N-glycosylation motifs were evolutionarily more conserved in MPO than in monomeric EPO and LPO. We investigated the role of N-glycans in MPO dimerization using in vitro monomerized glycosylated (mMPO) and deglycosylated (mMPOdg) monomeric variants of native human MPO. Small-angle X-ray scattering, isothermal titration calorimetry and crystal structures showed that glycosylated MPO monomers had a weak but biologically relevant affinity in the millimolar range, which was lost upon deglycosylation. Furthermore, we present the first cryogenic transmission electron microscopy structure of human MPO with at least one core N-acetylglucosamine residue resolved at each N-glycosylation site. Structural analysis suggests that an extensive hydrogen bonding network of interface N-glycans at position 483 and residues of the other monomer drives MPO homodimerization. Dimerization enhances stability without affecting enzymatic activity. Together, we show that N-glycans are essential to MPO dimerization, provide important insights into the impact of interface N-glycans on biophysical and biochemical properties of MPO and discuss the implications for the biological roles of MPO in health and disease.

PubMed: 42735772
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.154499

Experimental method

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (2.18 Å)