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- PDB-6rvd: Revised cryo-EM structure of the human 2:1 Ptch1-Shh complex -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 6rvd
TitleRevised cryo-EM structure of the human 2:1 Ptch1-Shh complex
Components
  • Protein patched homolog 1
  • Sonic hedgehog protein
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / ---- Hedgehog morphogen receptor / receptor-nanobody complex / cholesterol / palmitate / lipid-protein-modification
Function / homology
Function and homology information


regulation of nodal signaling pathway / neural plate axis specification / response to chlorate / cell differentiation involved in kidney development / positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation / right lung development / left lung development / primary prostatic bud elongation / regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development / mesenchymal smoothened signaling pathway involved in prostate gland development ...regulation of nodal signaling pathway / neural plate axis specification / response to chlorate / cell differentiation involved in kidney development / positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation / right lung development / left lung development / primary prostatic bud elongation / regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development / mesenchymal smoothened signaling pathway involved in prostate gland development / positive regulation of sclerotome development / tracheoesophageal septum formation / negative regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation / positive regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation / negative regulation of kidney smooth muscle cell differentiation / positive regulation of kidney smooth muscle cell differentiation / morphogen activity / regulation of odontogenesis / positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development / hedgehog receptor activity / neural tube patterning / trunk neural crest cell migration / Formation of lateral plate mesoderm / cell proliferation involved in metanephros development / hindgut morphogenesis / polarity specification of anterior/posterior axis / negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation / regulation of prostatic bud formation / formation of anatomical boundary / smoothened binding / positive regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation / regulation of glial cell proliferation / metanephric mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in metanephros development / ventral midline development / trachea morphogenesis / hedgehog family protein binding / cholesterol-protein transferase activity / HHAT G278V doesn't palmitoylate Hh-Np / telencephalon regionalization / bud outgrowth involved in lung branching / epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling / Ligand-receptor interactions / hindlimb morphogenesis / laminin-1 binding / lung epithelium development / salivary gland cavitation / negative regulation of cholesterol efflux / spinal cord dorsal/ventral patterning / negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process / determination of left/right asymmetry in lateral mesoderm / epidermal cell fate specification / cell development / spinal cord motor neuron differentiation / negative regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus / establishment of epithelial cell polarity / positive regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus / skeletal muscle cell proliferation / prostate gland development / intermediate filament organization / limb bud formation / embryonic skeletal system development / stem cell development / skeletal muscle fiber differentiation / positive regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation / limb morphogenesis / mesenchymal cell apoptotic process / animal organ formation / patched binding / embryonic digestive tract morphogenesis / negative regulation of cell division / hindbrain development / positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development / somite development / ectoderm development / embryonic foregut morphogenesis / negative regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation / epithelial cell proliferation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis / mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development / neuron fate commitment / cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation / Activation of SMO / self proteolysis / positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus / lung lobe morphogenesis / smooth muscle tissue development / dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning / artery development / lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation / positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation / CD4-positive or CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment / pharyngeal system development / cellular response to cholesterol / regulation of stem cell proliferation / mammary gland duct morphogenesis / pattern specification process / mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation / negative thymic T cell selection / positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development / male genitalia development / branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis
Similarity search - Function
Patched SSD / Transmembrane receptor, patched / Muramoyl-pentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; domain 2 - #10 / Hedgehog, N-terminal signalling domain / Hedgehog protein / Hedgehog protein, Hint domain / : / Hint module / Hedgehog amino-terminal signalling domain / Muramoyl-pentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; domain 2 ...Patched SSD / Transmembrane receptor, patched / Muramoyl-pentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; domain 2 - #10 / Hedgehog, N-terminal signalling domain / Hedgehog protein / Hedgehog protein, Hint domain / : / Hint module / Hedgehog amino-terminal signalling domain / Muramoyl-pentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; domain 2 / Hedgehog signalling/DD-peptidase zinc-binding domain superfamily / : / Sterol-sensing domain of SREBP cleavage-activation / Sterol-sensing domain (SSD) profile. / Hint domain C-terminal / Hint (Hedgehog/Intein) domain C-terminal region / Sterol-sensing domain / Intein N-terminal splicing region / Intein N-terminal splicing motif profile. / Hint domain N-terminal / Hint (Hedgehog/Intein) domain N-terminal region / Hint domain superfamily / 2-Layer Sandwich / Alpha Beta
Similarity search - Domain/homology
CHOLESTEROL / PALMITIC ACID / Protein patched homolog 1 / Sonic hedgehog protein
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.5 Å
AuthorsEl Omari, K. / Rudolf, A.F. / Kowatsch, C. / Malinauskas, T. / Kinnebrew, M. / Ansell, T.B. / Bishop, B. / Pardon, E. / Schwab, R.A. / Qian, M. ...El Omari, K. / Rudolf, A.F. / Kowatsch, C. / Malinauskas, T. / Kinnebrew, M. / Ansell, T.B. / Bishop, B. / Pardon, E. / Schwab, R.A. / Qian, M. / Duman, R. / Covey, D.F. / Steyaert, J. / Wagner, A. / Sansom, M.S.P. / Rohatgi, R. / Siebold, C.
Funding support United Kingdom, 3items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Cancer Research UKC20724/A14414 United Kingdom
Cancer Research UKC20724/A26752 United Kingdom
European Research Council647278 United Kingdom
CitationJournal: Nat Chem Biol / Year: 2019
Title: The morphogen Sonic hedgehog inhibits its receptor Patched by a pincer grasp mechanism.
Authors: Amalie F Rudolf / Maia Kinnebrew / Christiane Kowatsch / T Bertie Ansell / Kamel El Omari / Benjamin Bishop / Els Pardon / Rebekka A Schwab / Tomas Malinauskas / Mingxing Qian / Ramona Duman ...Authors: Amalie F Rudolf / Maia Kinnebrew / Christiane Kowatsch / T Bertie Ansell / Kamel El Omari / Benjamin Bishop / Els Pardon / Rebekka A Schwab / Tomas Malinauskas / Mingxing Qian / Ramona Duman / Douglas F Covey / Jan Steyaert / Armin Wagner / Mark S P Sansom / Rajat Rohatgi / Christian Siebold /
Abstract: Hedgehog (HH) ligands, classical morphogens that pattern embryonic tissues in all animals, are covalently coupled to two lipids-a palmitoyl group at the N terminus and a cholesteroyl group at the C ...Hedgehog (HH) ligands, classical morphogens that pattern embryonic tissues in all animals, are covalently coupled to two lipids-a palmitoyl group at the N terminus and a cholesteroyl group at the C terminus. While the palmitoyl group binds and inactivates Patched 1 (PTCH1), the main receptor for HH ligands, the function of the cholesterol modification has remained mysterious. Using structural and biochemical studies, along with reassessment of previous cryo-electron microscopy structures, we find that the C-terminal cholesterol attached to Sonic hedgehog (Shh) binds the first extracellular domain of PTCH1 and promotes its inactivation, thus triggering HH signaling. Molecular dynamics simulations show that this interaction leads to the closure of a tunnel through PTCH1 that serves as the putative conduit for sterol transport. Thus, Shh inactivates PTCH1 by grasping its extracellular domain with two lipidic pincers, the N-terminal palmitate and the C-terminal cholesterol, which are both inserted into the PTCH1 protein core.
History
DepositionMay 31, 2019Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Oct 2, 2019Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Oct 9, 2019Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID
Revision 1.2Dec 18, 2019Group: Other / Category: atom_sites / cell
Item: _atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[1][1] / _atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[2][2] ..._atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[1][1] / _atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[2][2] / _atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[3][3] / _cell.Z_PDB
Revision 2.0Jul 29, 2020Group: Atomic model / Data collection ...Atomic model / Data collection / Derived calculations / Structure summary
Category: atom_site / chem_comp ...atom_site / chem_comp / entity / pdbx_branch_scheme / pdbx_chem_comp_identifier / pdbx_entity_branch / pdbx_entity_branch_descriptor / pdbx_entity_branch_link / pdbx_entity_branch_list / pdbx_entity_nonpoly / pdbx_nonpoly_scheme / pdbx_struct_assembly_gen / pdbx_struct_conn_angle / struct_asym / struct_conn / struct_site / struct_site_gen
Item: _atom_site.B_iso_or_equiv / _atom_site.Cartn_x ..._atom_site.B_iso_or_equiv / _atom_site.Cartn_x / _atom_site.Cartn_y / _atom_site.Cartn_z / _atom_site.auth_asym_id / _atom_site.auth_atom_id / _atom_site.auth_comp_id / _atom_site.auth_seq_id / _atom_site.label_asym_id / _atom_site.label_atom_id / _atom_site.label_comp_id / _atom_site.label_entity_id / _atom_site.type_symbol / _chem_comp.name / _chem_comp.type / _pdbx_entity_nonpoly.entity_id / _pdbx_entity_nonpoly.name / _pdbx_struct_assembly_gen.asym_id_list / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr2_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.conn_type_id / _struct_conn.id / _struct_conn.pdbx_dist_value / _struct_conn.pdbx_leaving_atom_flag / _struct_conn.pdbx_role / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_atom_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_atom_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_comp_id
Description: Carbohydrate remediation / Provider: repository / Type: Remediation
Revision 2.1Nov 13, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references ...Data collection / Database references / Refinement description / Structure summary
Category: chem_comp / chem_comp_atom ...chem_comp / chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / database_2 / em_3d_fitting_list / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_initial_refinement_model / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _chem_comp.pdbx_synonyms / _database_2.pdbx_DOI ..._chem_comp.pdbx_synonyms / _database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession / _em_3d_fitting_list.accession_code / _em_3d_fitting_list.initial_refinement_model_id / _em_3d_fitting_list.source_name / _em_3d_fitting_list.type

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Structure visualization

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Protein patched homolog 1
B: Protein patched homolog 1
C: Sonic hedgehog protein
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)344,94419
Polymers341,0233
Non-polymers3,92116
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area12940 Å2
ΔGint-47 kcal/mol
Surface area89810 Å2
MethodPISA

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Components

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Protein , 2 types, 3 molecules ABC

#1: Protein Protein patched homolog 1 / PTC1


Mass: 160714.406 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: PTCH1, PTCH / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q13635
#2: Protein Sonic hedgehog protein / SHH / HHG-1 / Shh unprocessed N-terminal signaling and C-terminal autoprocessing domains / ShhNC


Mass: 19594.039 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Details: Human SHH N-terminal signalling domain, N-terminally palmitoylated and C-terminally cholesterolylated.
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: SHH / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q15465

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Sugars , 2 types, 8 molecules

#3: Polysaccharide 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 424.401 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/1,2,1/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O]/1-1/a4-b1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#5: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 7
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0

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Non-polymers , 4 types, 8 molecules

#4: Chemical
ChemComp-CLR / CHOLESTEROL


Mass: 386.654 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C27H46O / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#6: Chemical ChemComp-PLM / PALMITIC ACID


Mass: 256.424 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C16H32O2 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#7: Chemical ChemComp-ZN / ZINC ION


Mass: 65.409 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Zn / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#8: Chemical ChemComp-CA / CALCIUM ION


Mass: 40.078 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Ca / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION

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Details

Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: 2:1 PTCH1:SHH complex / Type: COMPLEX / Details: 2:1 Patched-1 (PTCH1):SHH complex / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
Details: 20 mM Hepes pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.06% Digitonin, 1mM CaCl2.
SpecimenConc.: 5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 400 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: OTHER
Electron lensMode: DARK FIELD
Image recordingElectron dose: 1.6 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 BASE (4k x 4k)

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.14_3260: / Classification: refinement
EM software
IDNameVersionCategoryDetails
1RELIONparticle selection
4CTFFINDCTF correction
7Coot0.9.9.1model fitting
13PHENIX1.14model refinementRealSpaceRefine
CTF correctionType: NONE
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 77712 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: AB INITIO MODEL / Space: REAL
Details: This is a re-refinement of pdb entry 6E1H, also using the high-resolution crystal structures of the isolated PTCH1-ECD1 (pdb 6RTW) and PTCH1-ECD2 (pdb 6RVC).
Atomic model building
IDPDB-ID 3D fitting-IDAccession codeInitial refinement model-IDSource nameType
16E1H

6e1h

16E1H1PDBexperimental model
26RTW

6rtw

16RTW2PDBexperimental model
36RVC

6rvc

16RVC3PDBexperimental model
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00917607
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d1.16623952
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d11.4710415
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0642743
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0072988

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