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- EMDB-61609: Cryo-EM structure of GD-BatCoV (BtCoV/Ii/GD/2014-422) S-trimer -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-61609
TitleCryo-EM structure of GD-BatCoV (BtCoV/Ii/GD/2014-422) S-trimer
Map data
Sample
  • Organelle or cellular component: BatCoV (BtCoV/Ii/GD/2014-422) Spike protein
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein,Fibritin
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: LINOLEIC ACID
Keywordsspike protein / VIRAL PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


virion component / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, HKU4-like / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, MERS-CoV-like / Fibritin C-terminal / Fibritin C-terminal region / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2, intravirion / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, HKU4-like / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, MERS-CoV-like / Fibritin C-terminal / Fibritin C-terminal region / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2, intravirion / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Spike glycoprotein / Fibritin
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesMiddle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Tequatrovirus T4
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.1 Å
AuthorsYuan H / Xiong X / Gao X / Li Z / Wang J
Funding support3 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Other governmentSRPG22-002
Other government2021YFA1300903
Other government2022A1515110495
CitationJournal: Sci Adv / Year: 2025
Title: Structures and receptor binding activities of merbecovirus spike proteins reveal key signatures for human DPP4 adaptation.
Authors: Hang Yuan / Jingjing Wang / Yong Ma / Zimu Li / Xijie Gao / Gul Habib / Banghui Liu / Jing Chen / Jun He / Peng Zhou / Zheng-Li Shi / Xinwen Chen / Xiaoli Xiong /
Abstract: Merbecoviruses from bats, pangolins, and hedgehogs pose significant zoonotic threats, with a limited understanding of receptor binding by their spike (S) proteins. Here, we report cryo-EM structures ...Merbecoviruses from bats, pangolins, and hedgehogs pose significant zoonotic threats, with a limited understanding of receptor binding by their spike (S) proteins. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of GD-BatCoV (BtCoV-422) and SE-PangolinCoV (MjHKU4r-CoV-1) RBDs in complex with human DPP4 (hDPP4). These structures exhibit a substantial offset in their hDPP4 interaction interfaces, revealing a conserved hydrophobic cluster as a convergent signature of DPP4 binding within the MERS-HKU4 clade of merbecoviruses. Structure-guided mutagenesis demonstrates that favorable interactions are distributed across multiple receptor binding motif (RBM) regions, working synergistically to confer high-affinity hDPP4 binding. Swapping of the merbecovirus RBM regions indicate limited plasticity and interchangeability among these regions. In addition, we report cryo-EM structures of six merbecovirus S-trimers. Structure-based phylogenetics suggests that hDPP4-binding merbecoviruses undergo convergent evolution, while ACE2-binding merbecoviruses exhibit diversification in their binding mechanisms. These findings offer critical insights into merbecovirus receptor utilization, providing a structural understanding for future surveillance.
History
DepositionSep 20, 2024-
Header (metadata) releaseJun 18, 2025-
Map releaseJun 18, 2025-
UpdateJul 23, 2025-
Current statusJul 23, 2025Processing site: PDBc / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Supplemental images

emd_61609.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_61609.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 125 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.32 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 422.4 Å		1.32 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 422.4 Å		1.32 Å/pix.
x 320 pix.
= 422.4 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.32 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.022
Minimum - Maximum-0.122155055 - 0.24769548
Average (Standard dev.)0.000039043767 (±0.0070366133)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions320320320
Spacing320320320
CellA=B=C: 422.40002 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_61609_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_61609_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
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Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : BatCoV (BtCoV/Ii/GD/2014-422) Spike protein

EntireName: BatCoV (BtCoV/Ii/GD/2014-422) Spike protein
Components
  • Organelle or cellular component: BatCoV (BtCoV/Ii/GD/2014-422) Spike protein
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein,Fibritin
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
  • Ligand: LINOLEIC ACID

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Supramolecule #1: BatCoV (BtCoV/Ii/GD/2014-422) Spike protein

SupramoleculeName: BatCoV (BtCoV/Ii/GD/2014-422) Spike protein / type: organelle_or_cellular_component / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1
Source (natural)Organism: Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus

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Macromolecule #1: Spike glycoprotein,Fibritin

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein,Fibritin / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Tequatrovirus T4
Molecular weightTheoretical: 151.326953 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MRLSVCLLMF LLTPIKGDVD SGPPSSATSC KEADMRNSSS EFFNKQWPMP INASKADGII YPTGKSYSNI SLTLQGLFPK HGDLGEQYI YSVGHSDSNY DYLGKLFVSD YATKVVPFNN GFVVRIGAAA NATGSVIIST VQKTIKKIYP AFMLGSSVGN F SNGVSGRY ...String:
MRLSVCLLMF LLTPIKGDVD SGPPSSATSC KEADMRNSSS EFFNKQWPMP INASKADGII YPTGKSYSNI SLTLQGLFPK HGDLGEQYI YSVGHSDSNY DYLGKLFVSD YATKVVPFNN GFVVRIGAAA NATGSVIIST VQKTIKKIYP AFMLGSSVGN F SNGVSGRY FNHTLLLLPD GCGTRLWALY CVIEPRNGSY CPGNSNYNTF AVFDTPHTDC TSAGYNTNAT LNSFKEYFDL QN CSFIYSF NITEDENAEW FGITQNTQGV HLYSSRKGDL YGSNMFLFAT LPVYDGIKYY TVIPRSIRSK YSERQAWAAF YIY SLHKLT YLLDFSVDGY IRRAVDCGHD DLSQLYCSYE SFDVGSGVYS VSSFEVHSRG QFIEQPNSVE CDFTKLLSGT PPQV YNFNR LVFTNCNYNL TKLLSLFMVN EFSCDGISPD AIARGCYSSL TVDYFAYPLS MKSYMQPGSA GVISQYNYKQ SFANP TCRI FATAPANLTI TKPSSYSFIS KCSRLTGDNS HIETPIVINP GEYSICKNFA PNGFSQDGDY FTRQLSQLEG GGILVG VGS VTPMTDTLQM GFIISVQYGT DTNSVCPMMD LGNSTTITDK LGVCVEYNLY GVSGRGVFIN CTAVGVKQQR FVYDGFD NL IGYYSDDGNY YCVRPCVSVP LSVVYDKTTN SHATIFGSVA CEHITTMLHQ FSRTTQASLR MRDVSNSGPL QTAVGCVI G LVNSSMVVDN CQLPLGQSLC AVPSTTRSSS QLQLATINYT QPQLLSPLNS SGFVVQVPTN FSFGITQEYI QTTIQKVTV DCKQYVCNGF QKCEQLLREY GQFCAKINQA LHGANLMQDE SVANLFSDIK THKSQPLNAG LNGDFNLTLL QVPQVSTSQY SHRSPIEDL LFNKVTIADP GYMQGYDDCM KQGPPSARDL ICAQYVAGYK VLPPLYDPNM EGAYTSSLLG SIAGAGWTAG L SPFAAIPF PQSIFYRMNG IGITQQVLSE NQKLIANKFN QALGAMQTGF TTTPLAFSKV QDAVNANAQA LSKLASELSN TF GAISSSI SDILKRLDPP EQEAQIDRLI NGRLTSLNAF VAQQLVRSET AARSAQLASD KVNECVKSQS KRNGFCGSGT HIV SFVINA PNGFYFFHVG YVPTNHVNVT AAYGLCNTDT PPRCIAPIDG YFVLNNTTTR DVVDQWYYTG SSFFNPEPIT MANA RYVSQ DVKFENLTNQ LPPPLLNNQT DLDFKEELEE FFKNVSSQGP NFQEISKINT TLLDLSTEMK VLNEVVKQLN ESYID LKEL GNYSYYQKWP GSGYIPEAPR DGQAYVRKDG EWVLLSTFLL EVLFQGPGHH HHHHHHSAWS HPQFEKGGGS GGGGSG GSA WSHPQFEKSA

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein, Fibritin

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Macromolecule #4: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 21 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Macromolecule #5: LINOLEIC ACID

MacromoleculeName: LINOLEIC ACID / type: ligand / ID: 5 / Number of copies: 3 / Formula: EIC
Molecular weightTheoretical: 280.445 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-EIC:
LINOLEIC ACID

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.4
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TALOS ARCTICA
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 60.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 200 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: OTHER / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2.5 µm / Nominal defocus min: 0.8 µm
Experimental equipment
Model: Talos Arctica / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: PDB ENTRY
PDB model - PDB ID:

6q04

Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.1 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 111480
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

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