The NLRP3 inflammasome / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / Platelet homeostasis / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization ...The NLRP3 inflammasome / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / Platelet homeostasis / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization / lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway / extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / purinergic nucleotide receptor activity / gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / pore complex assembly / positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production / plasma membrane organization / positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / bleb / plasma membrane phospholipid scrambling / collagen metabolic process / negative regulation of cell volume / ATP export / response to fluid shear stress / T cell apoptotic process / positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion / bleb assembly / mitochondrial depolarization / vesicle budding from membrane / ceramide biosynthetic process / positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process / programmed cell death / prostaglandin secretion / positive regulation of ossification / cellular response to dsRNA / cell volume homeostasis / positive regulation of glutamate secretion / glutamate secretion / negative regulation of bone resorption / skeletal system morphogenesis / phospholipid translocation / positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production / response to zinc ion / response to ATP / positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization / positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol / T cell homeostasis / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis / monoatomic cation transport / protein secretion / : / membrane depolarization / positive regulation of bone mineralization / negative regulation of MAPK cascade / neuronal action potential / response to electrical stimulus / regulation of sodium ion transport / response to mechanical stimulus / T cell proliferation / extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue / release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / sensory perception of pain / reactive oxygen species metabolic process / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / positive regulation of glycolytic process / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / mitochondrion organization / establishment of localization in cell / positive regulation of protein secretion / response to bacterium / apoptotic signaling pathway / lipopolysaccharide binding / protein catabolic process / neuromuscular junction / terminal bouton / protein processing / T cell mediated cytotoxicity / : / cell morphogenesis / calcium ion transmembrane transport / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity / response to calcium ion / calcium ion transport / MAPK cascade / nuclear envelope / cell-cell junction / signaling receptor activity / channel activity / scaffold protein binding / gene expression / response to lipopolysaccharide / positive regulation of MAPK cascade / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / postsynapse Similarity search - Function
National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI)
K99HL138129
United States
Citation
Journal: Cell / Year: 2019 Title: Full-Length P2X Structures Reveal How Palmitoylation Prevents Channel Desensitization. Authors: Alanna E McCarthy / Craig Yoshioka / Steven E Mansoor / Abstract: P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and ...P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and tumor progression pathways. It is the most structurally and functionally distinct P2X subtype, containing a unique cytoplasmic domain critical for the receptor to initiate apoptosis and not undergo desensitization. However, lack of structural information about the cytoplasmic domain has hindered understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. We report cryoelectron microscopy structures of full-length rat P2X receptor in apo and ATP-bound states. These structures reveal how one cytoplasmic element, the C-cys anchor, prevents desensitization by anchoring the pore-lining helix to the membrane with palmitoyl groups. They show a second cytoplasmic element with a unique fold, the cytoplasmic ballast, which unexpectedly contains a zinc ion complex and a guanosine nucleotide binding site. Our structures provide first insights into the architecture and function of a P2X receptor cytoplasmic domain.
History
Deposition
Sep 9, 2019
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Header (metadata) release
Oct 2, 2019
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Map release
Oct 23, 2019
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Update
Nov 20, 2024
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Current status
Nov 20, 2024
Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released
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Structure visualization
Movie
Surface view with section colored by density value
Map for the ATP-bound (open) state of rat P2X7 receptor from a focused refinement using a mask that includes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic domain but excludes the extracellular domain.
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