The NLRP3 inflammasome / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / Platelet homeostasis / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization ...The NLRP3 inflammasome / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / Platelet homeostasis / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization / lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway / gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / pore complex assembly / extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / purinergic nucleotide receptor activity / positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production / plasma membrane organization / positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / bleb / plasma membrane phospholipid scrambling / collagen metabolic process / negative regulation of cell volume / ATP export / T cell apoptotic process / positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion / bleb assembly / response to fluid shear stress / mitochondrial depolarization / vesicle budding from membrane / ceramide biosynthetic process / positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process / programmed cell death / prostaglandin secretion / positive regulation of ossification / cellular response to dsRNA / cell volume homeostasis / positive regulation of glutamate secretion / glutamate secretion / negative regulation of bone resorption / skeletal system morphogenesis / positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production / phospholipid translocation / response to zinc ion / response to ATP / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol / positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization / positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly / T cell homeostasis / : / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis / protein secretion / monoatomic cation transport / membrane depolarization / negative regulation of MAPK cascade / positive regulation of bone mineralization / neuronal action potential / response to electrical stimulus / response to mechanical stimulus / T cell proliferation / regulation of sodium ion transport / extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue / release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / sensory perception of pain / reactive oxygen species metabolic process / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / positive regulation of glycolytic process / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / positive regulation of protein secretion / mitochondrion organization / establishment of localization in cell / response to bacterium / apoptotic signaling pathway / lipopolysaccharide binding / protein catabolic process / terminal bouton / : / T cell mediated cytotoxicity / cell morphogenesis / neuromuscular junction / protein processing / calcium ion transmembrane transport / positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / response to calcium ion / calcium ion transport / MAPK cascade / nuclear envelope / cell-cell junction / signaling receptor activity / channel activity / scaffold protein binding / gene expression / response to lipopolysaccharide / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / postsynapse / positive regulation of MAPK cascade Similarity search - Function
National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI)
K99HL138129
United States
Citation
Journal: Cell / Year: 2019 Title: Full-Length P2X Structures Reveal How Palmitoylation Prevents Channel Desensitization. Authors: Alanna E McCarthy / Craig Yoshioka / Steven E Mansoor / Abstract: P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and ...P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and tumor progression pathways. It is the most structurally and functionally distinct P2X subtype, containing a unique cytoplasmic domain critical for the receptor to initiate apoptosis and not undergo desensitization. However, lack of structural information about the cytoplasmic domain has hindered understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. We report cryoelectron microscopy structures of full-length rat P2X receptor in apo and ATP-bound states. These structures reveal how one cytoplasmic element, the C-cys anchor, prevents desensitization by anchoring the pore-lining helix to the membrane with palmitoyl groups. They show a second cytoplasmic element with a unique fold, the cytoplasmic ballast, which unexpectedly contains a zinc ion complex and a guanosine nucleotide binding site. Our structures provide first insights into the architecture and function of a P2X receptor cytoplasmic domain.
History
Deposition
Sep 9, 2019
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Header (metadata) release
Sep 18, 2019
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Map release
Oct 23, 2019
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Update
Dec 25, 2024
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Current status
Dec 25, 2024
Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released
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Structure visualization
Movie
Surface view with section colored by density value
Map for the apo- (closed) state of rat P2X7 receptor from a focused refinement using a mask that includes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic domain but excludes the extracellular domain.
Map for the apo- (closed) state of rat P2X7 receptor from a focused refinement using a mask that includes the extracellular domain but excludes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic domain
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