Platelet homeostasis / The NLRP3 inflammasome / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phagolysosome assembly / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization ...Platelet homeostasis / The NLRP3 inflammasome / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phagolysosome assembly / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization / lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway / extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / negative regulation of cell volume / plasma membrane organization / purinergic nucleotide receptor activity / positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production / ATP export / pore complex assembly / collagen metabolic process / positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion / plasma membrane phospholipid scrambling / bleb / T cell apoptotic process / bleb assembly / mitochondrial depolarization / vesicle budding from membrane / response to fluid shear stress / positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process / ceramide biosynthetic process / programmed cell death / prostaglandin secretion / positive regulation of ossification / cellular response to dsRNA / cell volume homeostasis / glutamate secretion / negative regulation of bone resorption / positive regulation of glutamate secretion / skeletal system morphogenesis / positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production / phospholipid translocation / response to zinc ion / response to ATP / protein homotrimerization / sodium channel activity / membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis / positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization / positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly / T cell homeostasis / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol / protein secretion / response to electrical stimulus / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / membrane depolarization / monoatomic cation transport / potassium channel activity / positive regulation of bone mineralization / response to mechanical stimulus / T cell proliferation / neuronal action potential / negative regulation of MAPK cascade / regulation of sodium ion transport / extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / sensory perception of pain / homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue / reactive oxygen species metabolic process / positive regulation of glycolytic process / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / positive regulation of protein secretion / mitochondrion organization / establishment of localization in cell / response to bacterium / protein catabolic process / neuromuscular junction / T cell mediated cytotoxicity / apoptotic signaling pathway / lipopolysaccharide binding / protein processing / response to calcium ion / positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / calcium ion transmembrane transport / cell morphogenesis / terminal bouton / cell-cell junction / calcium ion transport / nuclear envelope / MAPK cascade / signaling receptor activity / channel activity / scaffold protein binding / gene expression / response to lipopolysaccharide / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of MAPK cascade Similarity search - Function
National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI)
K99HL138129
United States
Citation
Journal: Cell / Year: 2019 Title: Full-Length P2X Structures Reveal How Palmitoylation Prevents Channel Desensitization. Authors: Alanna E McCarthy / Craig Yoshioka / Steven E Mansoor / Abstract: P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and ...P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and tumor progression pathways. It is the most structurally and functionally distinct P2X subtype, containing a unique cytoplasmic domain critical for the receptor to initiate apoptosis and not undergo desensitization. However, lack of structural information about the cytoplasmic domain has hindered understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. We report cryoelectron microscopy structures of full-length rat P2X receptor in apo and ATP-bound states. These structures reveal how one cytoplasmic element, the C-cys anchor, prevents desensitization by anchoring the pore-lining helix to the membrane with palmitoyl groups. They show a second cytoplasmic element with a unique fold, the cytoplasmic ballast, which unexpectedly contains a zinc ion complex and a guanosine nucleotide binding site. Our structures provide first insights into the architecture and function of a P2X receptor cytoplasmic domain.
History
Deposition
Sep 9, 2019
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Header (metadata) release
Sep 18, 2019
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Map release
Oct 23, 2019
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Update
Dec 25, 2024
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Current status
Dec 25, 2024
Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released
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Structure visualization
Movie
Surface view with section colored by density value
Map for the apo- (closed) state of rat P2X7 receptor from a focused refinement using a mask that includes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic domain but excludes the extracellular domain.
Map for the apo- (closed) state of rat P2X7 receptor from a focused refinement using a mask that includes the extracellular domain but excludes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic domain
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