The NLRP3 inflammasome / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / Platelet homeostasis / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization ...The NLRP3 inflammasome / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / Platelet homeostasis / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / phagolysosome assembly / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization / lymphocyte apoptotic process / purinergic nucleotide receptor activity / extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway / gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / pore complex assembly / positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production / plasma membrane organization / positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / negative regulation of cell volume / bleb / collagen metabolic process / plasma membrane phospholipid scrambling / ATP export / T cell apoptotic process / response to fluid shear stress / positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion / bleb assembly / mitochondrial depolarization / vesicle budding from membrane / ceramide biosynthetic process / positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process / programmed cell death / prostaglandin secretion / positive regulation of ossification / cellular response to dsRNA / cell volume homeostasis / glutamate secretion / positive regulation of glutamate secretion / negative regulation of bone resorption / skeletal system morphogenesis / positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production / phospholipid translocation / response to ATP / response to zinc ion / positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol / T cell homeostasis / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / monoatomic cation transport / membrane depolarization / membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis / : / protein secretion / negative regulation of MAPK cascade / positive regulation of bone mineralization / neuronal action potential / response to electrical stimulus / regulation of sodium ion transport / response to mechanical stimulus / T cell proliferation / homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue / extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / sensory perception of pain / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / reactive oxygen species metabolic process / positive regulation of glycolytic process / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / apoptotic signaling pathway / positive regulation of protein secretion / mitochondrion organization / establishment of localization in cell / response to bacterium / lipopolysaccharide binding / protein catabolic process / neuromuscular junction / terminal bouton / cell morphogenesis / T cell mediated cytotoxicity / : / protein processing / calcium ion transmembrane transport / response to calcium ion / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity / calcium ion transport / MAPK cascade / cell-cell junction / nuclear envelope / channel activity / signaling receptor activity / scaffold protein binding / gene expression / response to lipopolysaccharide / positive regulation of MAPK cascade / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / postsynapse / defense response to Gram-positive bacterium Similarity search - Function
National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI)
K99HL138129
United States
Citation
Journal: Cell / Year: 2019 Title: Full-Length P2X Structures Reveal How Palmitoylation Prevents Channel Desensitization. Authors: Alanna E McCarthy / Craig Yoshioka / Steven E Mansoor / Abstract: P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and ...P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and tumor progression pathways. It is the most structurally and functionally distinct P2X subtype, containing a unique cytoplasmic domain critical for the receptor to initiate apoptosis and not undergo desensitization. However, lack of structural information about the cytoplasmic domain has hindered understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. We report cryoelectron microscopy structures of full-length rat P2X receptor in apo and ATP-bound states. These structures reveal how one cytoplasmic element, the C-cys anchor, prevents desensitization by anchoring the pore-lining helix to the membrane with palmitoyl groups. They show a second cytoplasmic element with a unique fold, the cytoplasmic ballast, which unexpectedly contains a zinc ion complex and a guanosine nucleotide binding site. Our structures provide first insights into the architecture and function of a P2X receptor cytoplasmic domain.
History
Deposition
Sep 9, 2019
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Header (metadata) release
Oct 2, 2019
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Map release
Oct 23, 2019
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Update
Nov 20, 2024
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Current status
Nov 20, 2024
Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released
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Structure visualization
Movie
Surface view with section colored by density value
Map for the ATP-bound (open) state of rat P2X7 receptor from a focused refinement using a mask that includes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic domain but excludes the extracellular domain.
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