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- PDB-6rvd: Revised cryo-EM structure of the human 2:1 Ptch1-Shh complex -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 6rvd
TitleRevised cryo-EM structure of the human 2:1 Ptch1-Shh complex
Components
  • Protein patched homolog 1
  • Sonic hedgehog protein
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / ---- Hedgehog morphogen receptor / receptor-nanobody complex / cholesterol / palmitate / lipid-protein-modification
Function / homology
Function and homology information


regulation of nodal signaling pathway / neural plate axis specification / positive regulation of sclerotome development / negative regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation / positive regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation / negative regulation of kidney smooth muscle cell differentiation / positive regulation of kidney smooth muscle cell differentiation / morphogen activity / regulation of odontogenesis / positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development ...regulation of nodal signaling pathway / neural plate axis specification / positive regulation of sclerotome development / negative regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation / positive regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation / negative regulation of kidney smooth muscle cell differentiation / positive regulation of kidney smooth muscle cell differentiation / morphogen activity / regulation of odontogenesis / positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development / hedgehog receptor activity / Formation of lateral plate mesoderm / epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling / polarity specification of anterior/posterior axis / neural tube patterning / smoothened binding / ventral midline development / metanephric mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in metanephros development / hedgehog family protein binding / cholesterol-protein transferase activity / HHAT G278V doesn't palmitoylate Hh-Np / Ligand-receptor interactions / laminin-1 binding / neural tube formation / determination of left/right asymmetry in lateral mesoderm / negative regulation of cholesterol efflux / positive regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus / cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation / cell development / prostate gland development / limb morphogenesis / stem cell development / negative regulation of cell division / patched binding / Developmental Lineage of Multipotent Pancreatic Progenitor Cells / somite development / hindbrain development / neuron fate commitment / Activation of SMO / pattern specification process / self proteolysis / smooth muscle tissue development / negative thymic T cell selection / negative regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation / male genitalia development / CD4-positive or CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment / dopaminergic neuron differentiation / pharyngeal system development / positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus / cellular response to cholesterol / lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation / Release of Hh-Np from the secreting cell / glycosaminoglycan binding / embryonic pattern specification / positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation / Formation of axial mesoderm / positive thymic T cell selection / metanephros development / intein-mediated protein splicing / metanephric collecting duct development / response to alkaloid / commissural neuron axon guidance / positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway / regulation of smoothened signaling pathway / dorsal/ventral pattern formation / regulation of protein localization to nucleus / embryonic limb morphogenesis / cell fate specification / Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors) / negative regulation of multicellular organism growth / neural crest cell migration / embryonic digit morphogenesis / smoothened signaling pathway / branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis / branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis / branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube / cholesterol binding / midbrain development / forebrain development / ciliary membrane / heart looping / dendritic growth cone / oligodendrocyte differentiation / spermatid development / neuroblast proliferation / androgen metabolic process / protein autoprocessing / positive regulation of cell division / regulation of proteolysis / positive regulation of cholesterol efflux / negative regulation of cell differentiation / response to retinoic acid / vasculogenesis / response to mechanical stimulus / negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation / axonal growth cone / Hedgehog 'off' state / lung development / thymus development / liver regeneration
Similarity search - Function
Patched SSD / Transformer protein 2 N-terminal domain / Transmembrane receptor, patched / Muramoyl-pentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; domain 2 - #10 / Hedgehog, N-terminal signalling domain / Hedgehog protein / Hedgehog protein, Hint domain / : / Hint module / Hedgehog amino-terminal signalling domain ...Patched SSD / Transformer protein 2 N-terminal domain / Transmembrane receptor, patched / Muramoyl-pentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; domain 2 - #10 / Hedgehog, N-terminal signalling domain / Hedgehog protein / Hedgehog protein, Hint domain / : / Hint module / Hedgehog amino-terminal signalling domain / Muramoyl-pentapeptide Carboxypeptidase; domain 2 / Hedgehog signalling/DD-peptidase zinc-binding domain superfamily / : / Sterol-sensing domain of SREBP cleavage-activation / Sterol-sensing domain (SSD) profile. / Sterol-sensing domain / Hint domain C-terminal / Hint (Hedgehog/Intein) domain C-terminal region / Intein N-terminal splicing region / Intein N-terminal splicing motif profile. / Hint domain N-terminal / Hint (Hedgehog/Intein) domain N-terminal region / Hint domain superfamily / 2-Layer Sandwich / Alpha Beta
Similarity search - Domain/homology
CHOLESTEROL / PALMITIC ACID / Protein patched homolog 1 / Sonic hedgehog protein
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.5 Å
AuthorsEl Omari, K. / Rudolf, A.F. / Kowatsch, C. / Malinauskas, T. / Kinnebrew, M. / Ansell, T.B. / Bishop, B. / Pardon, E. / Schwab, R.A. / Qian, M. ...El Omari, K. / Rudolf, A.F. / Kowatsch, C. / Malinauskas, T. / Kinnebrew, M. / Ansell, T.B. / Bishop, B. / Pardon, E. / Schwab, R.A. / Qian, M. / Duman, R. / Covey, D.F. / Steyaert, J. / Wagner, A. / Sansom, M.S.P. / Rohatgi, R. / Siebold, C.
Funding support United Kingdom, 3items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Cancer Research UKC20724/A14414 United Kingdom
Cancer Research UKC20724/A26752 United Kingdom
European Research Council647278 United Kingdom
CitationJournal: Nat Chem Biol / Year: 2019
Title: The morphogen Sonic hedgehog inhibits its receptor Patched by a pincer grasp mechanism.
Authors: Amalie F Rudolf / Maia Kinnebrew / Christiane Kowatsch / T Bertie Ansell / Kamel El Omari / Benjamin Bishop / Els Pardon / Rebekka A Schwab / Tomas Malinauskas / Mingxing Qian / Ramona Duman ...Authors: Amalie F Rudolf / Maia Kinnebrew / Christiane Kowatsch / T Bertie Ansell / Kamel El Omari / Benjamin Bishop / Els Pardon / Rebekka A Schwab / Tomas Malinauskas / Mingxing Qian / Ramona Duman / Douglas F Covey / Jan Steyaert / Armin Wagner / Mark S P Sansom / Rajat Rohatgi / Christian Siebold /
Abstract: Hedgehog (HH) ligands, classical morphogens that pattern embryonic tissues in all animals, are covalently coupled to two lipids-a palmitoyl group at the N terminus and a cholesteroyl group at the C ...Hedgehog (HH) ligands, classical morphogens that pattern embryonic tissues in all animals, are covalently coupled to two lipids-a palmitoyl group at the N terminus and a cholesteroyl group at the C terminus. While the palmitoyl group binds and inactivates Patched 1 (PTCH1), the main receptor for HH ligands, the function of the cholesterol modification has remained mysterious. Using structural and biochemical studies, along with reassessment of previous cryo-electron microscopy structures, we find that the C-terminal cholesterol attached to Sonic hedgehog (Shh) binds the first extracellular domain of PTCH1 and promotes its inactivation, thus triggering HH signaling. Molecular dynamics simulations show that this interaction leads to the closure of a tunnel through PTCH1 that serves as the putative conduit for sterol transport. Thus, Shh inactivates PTCH1 by grasping its extracellular domain with two lipidic pincers, the N-terminal palmitate and the C-terminal cholesterol, which are both inserted into the PTCH1 protein core.
History
DepositionMay 31, 2019Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Oct 2, 2019Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Oct 9, 2019Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID
Revision 1.2Dec 18, 2019Group: Other / Category: atom_sites / cell
Item: _atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[1][1] / _atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[2][2] ..._atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[1][1] / _atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[2][2] / _atom_sites.fract_transf_matrix[3][3] / _cell.Z_PDB
Revision 2.0Jul 29, 2020Group: Atomic model / Data collection ...Atomic model / Data collection / Derived calculations / Structure summary
Category: atom_site / chem_comp ...atom_site / chem_comp / entity / pdbx_branch_scheme / pdbx_chem_comp_identifier / pdbx_entity_branch / pdbx_entity_branch_descriptor / pdbx_entity_branch_link / pdbx_entity_branch_list / pdbx_entity_nonpoly / pdbx_nonpoly_scheme / pdbx_struct_assembly_gen / pdbx_struct_conn_angle / struct_asym / struct_conn / struct_site / struct_site_gen
Item: _atom_site.B_iso_or_equiv / _atom_site.Cartn_x ..._atom_site.B_iso_or_equiv / _atom_site.Cartn_x / _atom_site.Cartn_y / _atom_site.Cartn_z / _atom_site.auth_asym_id / _atom_site.auth_atom_id / _atom_site.auth_comp_id / _atom_site.auth_seq_id / _atom_site.label_asym_id / _atom_site.label_atom_id / _atom_site.label_comp_id / _atom_site.label_entity_id / _atom_site.type_symbol / _chem_comp.name / _chem_comp.type / _pdbx_entity_nonpoly.entity_id / _pdbx_entity_nonpoly.name / _pdbx_struct_assembly_gen.asym_id_list / _pdbx_struct_conn_angle.ptnr2_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.conn_type_id / _struct_conn.id / _struct_conn.pdbx_dist_value / _struct_conn.pdbx_leaving_atom_flag / _struct_conn.pdbx_role / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_atom_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_atom_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_comp_id
Description: Carbohydrate remediation / Provider: repository / Type: Remediation
Revision 2.1Nov 13, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references ...Data collection / Database references / Refinement description / Structure summary
Category: chem_comp / chem_comp_atom ...chem_comp / chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / database_2 / em_3d_fitting_list / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_initial_refinement_model / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _chem_comp.pdbx_synonyms / _database_2.pdbx_DOI ..._chem_comp.pdbx_synonyms / _database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession / _em_3d_fitting_list.accession_code / _em_3d_fitting_list.initial_refinement_model_id / _em_3d_fitting_list.source_name / _em_3d_fitting_list.type

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Structure visualization

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Protein patched homolog 1
B: Protein patched homolog 1
C: Sonic hedgehog protein
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)344,94419
Polymers341,0233
Non-polymers3,92116
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area12940 Å2
ΔGint-47 kcal/mol
Surface area89810 Å2
MethodPISA

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Components

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Protein , 2 types, 3 molecules ABC

#1: Protein Protein patched homolog 1 / PTC1


Mass: 160714.406 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: PTCH1, PTCH / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q13635
#2: Protein Sonic hedgehog protein / SHH / HHG-1 / Shh unprocessed N-terminal signaling and C-terminal autoprocessing domains / ShhNC


Mass: 19594.039 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Details: Human SHH N-terminal signalling domain, N-terminally palmitoylated and C-terminally cholesterolylated.
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: SHH / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q15465

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Sugars , 2 types, 8 molecules

#3: Polysaccharide 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 424.401 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/1,2,1/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O]/1-1/a4-b1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#5: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 7
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Formula: C8H15NO6
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0

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Non-polymers , 4 types, 8 molecules

#4: Chemical
ChemComp-CLR / CHOLESTEROL


Mass: 386.654 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C27H46O / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#6: Chemical ChemComp-PLM / PALMITIC ACID


Mass: 256.424 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C16H32O2 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#7: Chemical ChemComp-ZN / ZINC ION


Mass: 65.409 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Zn / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
#8: Chemical ChemComp-CA / CALCIUM ION


Mass: 40.078 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Ca / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION

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Details

Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: 2:1 PTCH1:SHH complex / Type: COMPLEX / Details: 2:1 Patched-1 (PTCH1):SHH complex / Entity ID: #1 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
Details: 20 mM Hepes pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 0.06% Digitonin, 1mM CaCl2.
SpecimenConc.: 5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 400 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: OTHER
Electron lensMode: DARK FIELD
Image recordingElectron dose: 1.6 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 BASE (4k x 4k)

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.14_3260: / Classification: refinement
EM software
IDNameVersionCategoryDetails (eV)
1RELIONparticle selection
4CTFFINDCTF correction
7Coot0.9.9.1model fitting
13PHENIX1.14model refinementRealSpaceRefine
CTF correctionType: NONE
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.5 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 77712 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: AB INITIO MODEL / Space: REAL
Details: This is a re-refinement of pdb entry 6E1H, also using the high-resolution crystal structures of the isolated PTCH1-ECD1 (pdb 6RTW) and PTCH1-ECD2 (pdb 6RVC).
Atomic model building
IDPDB-ID 3D fitting-IDAccession codeInitial refinement model-IDSource nameType
16E1H

6e1h

16E1H1PDBexperimental model
26RTW

6rtw

16RTW2PDBexperimental model
36RVC

6rvc

16RVC3PDBexperimental model
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00917607
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d1.16623952
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d11.4710415
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0642743
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0072988

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