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-Structure paper
| Title | Structural mechanism of histone H2A.Z exchange by human SRCAP-CFDP1 holoenzyme. |
|---|---|
| Journal, issue, pages | Sci Adv, Vol. 12, Issue 31, Page eaei7728, Year 2026 |
| Publish date | Jul 31, 2026 |
Authors | Giho Park / Carl Wu / Robert K Louder / ![]() |
| PubMed Abstract | The conserved yeast SWR1 and human SRCAP chromatin remodeling complexes catalyze exchange of nucleosomal histone H2A for H2A.Z, but the underlying mechanism has remained obscure. Here, we show that ...The conserved yeast SWR1 and human SRCAP chromatin remodeling complexes catalyze exchange of nucleosomal histone H2A for H2A.Z, but the underlying mechanism has remained obscure. Here, we show that histone exchange by SRCAP requires the transient activator CFDP1 and resolve nine cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SRCAP-CFDP1 holoenzyme that define the stepwise exchange mechanism. CFDP1 recognizes the conformation of the fully engaged SRCAP-nucleosome complex through interactions with multiple subunits-including direct contact with the ATPase domain-and induces conformational transitions that drive extensive DNA unwrapping, eviction of the H2A-H2B dimer, and insertion of the H2A.Z-H2B dimer, all without necessarily requiring hydrolysis of bound ATP. Collectively, these findings provide unprecedented insight into the mechanism of activator- and nucleotide-driven histone exchange from nucleosomal H2A to H2A.Z. |
External links | Sci Adv / PubMed:42536744 / PubMed Central |
| Methods | EM (single particle) |
| Resolution | 2.6 - 8.6 Å |
| Structure data | EMDB-45381, PDB-9ca7: EMDB-45382, PDB-9ca8: EMDB-45383, PDB-9ca9: EMDB-45384, PDB-9caa: EMDB-49374, PDB-9nfv: EMDB-49375, PDB-9nfw: EMDB-49376, PDB-9nfx: EMDB-49377, PDB-9nfy: EMDB-49378, PDB-9nfz: EMDB-49379, PDB-9ng0: ![]() EMDB-49423: Human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex in the poised state of the H2A.Z histone exchange reaction (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-49424: RuvBL core from poised state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49425: Arp6-ZnHIT1 module from poised state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49426: ATPase module from poised state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49427: Nucleosome from poised state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49428: Human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex in the activated state of the H2A.Z histone exchange reaction (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-49429: RuvBL core from activated state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49430: Arp6-ZnHIT1 module from activated state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49431: ATPase module from activated state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49432: Nucleosome from activated state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49434: Human SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex in the evicted state of the H2A.Z histone exchange reaction (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-49435: RuvBL core from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49436: Arp6-ZnHIT1 module from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49437: ATPase module from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49438: Hexasome from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49439: Prenucleosome from pre-inserted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-prenucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49440: Human SRCAP-nucleosome complex in the fully inserted state of the H2A.Z histone exchange reaction (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-49441: RuvBL core from fully inserted state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49442: Arp6-ZnHIT1 module from fully inserted state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49443: ATPase module from fully inserted state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49444: Nucleosome from fully inserted state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49445: Human SRCAP-nucleosome complex in the pre-dissociation state of the H2A.Z histone exchange (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-49446: RuvBL core from pre-dissociation state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49447: Arp6-ZnHIT1 module from pre-dissociation state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49448: ATPase module from pre-dissociation state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49449: Nucleosome from pre-dissociation state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49770: Cryo-EM structure of human SRCAP-nucleosome complex in the fully-engaged state (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-49771: RuvBL core from fully-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49772: ARP6-ZNHIT1 module from fully-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49773: ATPase module from fully-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49774: Nucleosome from fully-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49775: Cryo-EM structure of human SRCAP-nucleosome complex in the partially-engaged state (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-49776: RuvBL core from partially-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49777: ARP6-ZNHIT1 module from partially-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49778: Nucleosome from partially-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49779: ATPase module from partially-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49780: Cryo-EM structure of human SRCAP-nucleosome complex in the pre-engaged state (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-49781: RuvBL core from pre-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49782: ARP6-ZNHIT1 module from pre-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49783: Nucleosome from pre-engaged state of SRCAP-nucleosome complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49784: Cryo-EM structure of human SRCAP complex in the unbound state (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-49785: RuvBL core from unbound SRCAP complex (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-49786: ARP6-ZNHIT1 module from unbound SRCAP complex (focused refinement) EMDB-71625, PDB-9pgc: EMDB-71626, PDB-9pgd: EMDB-71627: Human SRCAP-nucleosome complex in the fully-engaged state, with H4-bound GAS41 (unmasked refinement, filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-71628: Human SRCAP-nucleosome complex in the fully-engaged state, with unbound GAS41 (unmasked refinement, filtered by local resolution) EMDB-72455: Human SRCAP-nucleosome complex in the pre-engaged state (unmasked refinement filtered by local resolution) EMDB-72456: Human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex in the poised state (unmasked refinement filtered by local resolution) EMDB-72457: Human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex in the activated state (unmasked refinement filtered by local resolution) EMDB-72458: Human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex in the unwrapping state (unmasked refinement filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74291: Human SRCAP-nucleosome complex in the fully-engaged state, subclass with density for sequestered H2A.Z-H2B (unmasked refinement, filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74337: Prenucleosome from pre-inserted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-prenucleosome complex, subclass with alternative dimer position B (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74338: Prenucleosome from pre-inserted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-prenucleosome complex, subclass with alternative dimer position C (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74393: ATPase module from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex, subclass with density for CFDP1 FAGE domain (focused refinement) EMDB-74396, PDB-9zla: ![]() EMDB-74416: Trident submodule from human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex in the poised state (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74463: Evicted state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of ADP-BeFx (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74464: Evicted state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of ADP-Vi (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74476: Evicted state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP (composite structure) ![]() EMDB-74500: Evicted state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of ATP (composite structure) ![]() EMDB-74551: Evicted state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74552: RuvBL core from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74553: Arp6-ZnHIT1 module from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74554: ATPase module from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74555: Hexasome from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74556: Evicted state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of ATP (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74557: RuvBL core from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of ATP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74558: Arp6-ZnHIT1 module from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of ATP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74559: ATPase module from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of ATP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74560: Hexasome from evicted state of SRCAP-CFDP1-hexasome complex formed in the presence of ATP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74619: Activated state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74620: RuvBL core from activated state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74621: Arp6-ZnHIT1 module from activated state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74622: ATPase module from activated state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74623: Nucleosome from activated state of SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74624: Activated state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (composite map) ![]() EMDB-74639: Fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S and absence of CFDP1 (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74640: RuvBL core from fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S and absence of CFDP1 (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74641: ARP6-ZNHIT1 module from fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S and absence of CFDP1 (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74642: ATPase module from fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S and absence of CFDP1 (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74643: Nucleosome from fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S and absence of CFDP1 (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74644: Fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S and absence of CFDP1 (composite map) ![]() EMDB-74657: Pre-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the absence added nucleotide (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74658: Fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP and absence of CFDP1 (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74664: Fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP and absence of CFDP1 (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74665: RuvBL core from fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP and absence of CFDP1 (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74666: ARP6-ZNHIT1 module from fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP and absence of CFDP1 (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74667: ATPase module from fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP and absence of CFDP1 (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74668: Nucleosome from fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP and absence of CFDP1 (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74670: Fully-engaged state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of AMP-PNP and absence of CFDP1 (composite map) ![]() EMDB-74678: Poised state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1(delta284-299)-nucleosome mutant complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74680: RUVBL core from poised state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1(delta284-299)-nucleosome mutant complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74681: ARP6-ZNHIT1 module from poised state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1(delta284-299)-nucleosome mutant complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74683: ATPase module from poised state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1(delta284-299)-nucleosome mutant complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74684: Nucleosome from poised state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1(delta284-299)-nucleosome mutant complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74685: Poised state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1(delta284-299)-nucleosome mutant complex formed in the presence of ATP-gamma-S (composite map) ![]() EMDB-74692: Fully inserted state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74694: RUVBL core from fully inserted state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74695: ARP6-ZNHIT1 module from fully inserted state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74696: ATPase module from fully inserted state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74697: Nucleosome from fully inserted state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP (focused refinement) ![]() EMDB-74698: Fully inserted state of the human SRCAP-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ATP (composite map) ![]() EMDB-74735: Activated state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ADP (consensus map filtered by local resolution) ![]() EMDB-74736: Poised state of the human SRCAP-CFDP1-nucleosome complex formed in the presence of ADP (consensus map filtered by local resolution) |
| Chemicals | ![]() ChemComp-AGS: ![]() ChemComp-MG: ![]() ChemComp-ZN: ![]() ChemComp-ADP: ![]() ChemComp-ATP: |
| Source |
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Keywords | GENE REGULATION / Chromatin Remodeler / Snf2 family ATPase / H2A.Z / HYDROLASE/DNA BINDING PROTEIN/DNA / HYDROLASE-DNA BINDING PROTEIN-DNA complex |
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