7LN9

X-ray radiation damage series on Lysozyme at 277K, multi-conformer model, dataset 1

Summary for 7LN9

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb7ln9/pdb
• Related: 7LLP 7LN8
• Descriptor: Lysozyme C, SODIUM ION, CHLORIDE ION, ... (4 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: radiation damage, conformational heterogeneity, antimicrobial enzyme, hydrolase
• Biological source: Gallus gallus (Chicken)
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 14389.60

Authors

Yabukarski, F.,Doukov, T.,Herschlag, D. (deposition date: 2021-02-06, release date: 2022-02-23, Last modification date: 2024-11-06)

Primary citation

Yabukarski, F.,Doukov, T.,Mokhtari, D.A.,Du, S.,Herschlag, D.
Evaluating the impact of X-ray damage on conformational heterogeneity in room-temperature (277 K) and cryo-cooled protein crystals.
Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol, 78:945-963, 2022

PubMed Abstract: Cryo-cooling has been nearly universally adopted to mitigate X-ray damage and facilitate crystal handling in protein X-ray crystallography. However, cryo X-ray crystallographic data provide an incomplete window into the ensemble of conformations that is at the heart of protein function and energetics. Room-temperature (RT) X-ray crystallography provides accurate ensemble information, and recent developments allow conformational heterogeneity (the experimental manifestation of ensembles) to be extracted from single-crystal data. Nevertheless, high sensitivity to X-ray damage at RT raises concerns about data reliability. To systematically address this critical issue, increasingly X-ray-damaged high-resolution data sets (1.02-1.52 Å resolution) were obtained from single proteinase K, thaumatin and lysozyme crystals at RT (277 K). In each case a modest increase in conformational heterogeneity with X-ray damage was observed. Merging data with different extents of damage (as is typically carried out) had negligible effects on conformational heterogeneity until the overall diffraction intensity decayed to ∼70% of its initial value. These effects were compared with X-ray damage effects in cryo-cooled crystals by carrying out an analogous analysis of increasingly damaged proteinase K cryo data sets (0.9-1.16 Å resolution). X-ray damage-associated heterogeneity changes were found that were not observed at RT. This property renders it difficult to distinguish real from artefactual conformations and to determine the conformational response to changes in temperature. The ability to acquire reliable heterogeneity information from single crystals at RT, together with recent advances in RT data collection at accessible synchrotron beamlines, provides a strong motivation for the widespread adoption of RT X-ray crystallography to obtain conformational ensemble information.

PubMed: 35916220
DOI: 10.1107/S2059798322005939

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.13 Å)