5ZJD
Lactate dehydrogenase with NADH and MLA
Summary for 5ZJD
| Entry DOI | 10.2210/pdb5zjd/pdb |
| Descriptor | L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain, 1,4-DIHYDRONICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE, MALONATE ION, ... (4 entities in total) |
| Functional Keywords | ldha, nadh, oxidoreductase |
| Biological source | Homo sapiens (Human) |
| Total number of polymer chains | 8 |
| Total formula weight | 305598.74 |
| Authors | Han, C.W.,Jang, S.B. (deposition date: 2018-03-20, release date: 2019-07-24, Last modification date: 2023-11-22) |
| Primary citation | Chung, T.-W.,Kim, E.-Y.,Han, C.W.,Park, S.Y.,Jeong, M.S.,Yoon, D.,Choi, H.-J.,Jin, L.,Park, M.-J.,Kwon, Y.J.,Lee, H.,Kim, K.-J.,Park, K.H.,Kim, S.,Jang, S.B.,Ha, K.-T. Machilin A Inhibits Tumor Growth and Macrophage M2 Polarization Through the Reduction of Lactic Acid. Cancers (Basel), 11:-, 2019 Cited by PubMed Abstract: Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is an important enzyme responsible for cancer growth and energy metabolism in various cancers via the aerobic glycolytic pathway. Here, we report that machilin A (MA), which acts as a competitive inhibitor by blocking the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) binding site of LDHA, suppresses growth of cancer cells and lactate production in various cancer cell types, including colon, breast, lung, and liver cancers. Furthermore, MA markedly decreased LDHA activity, lactate production, and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels induced by hypoxia-induced LDHA expression in cancer cells, and significantly inhibited colony formation, leading to reduced cancer cell survival. In mouse models inoculated with murine Lewis lung carcinoma, MA significantly suppressed tumor growth as observed by a reduction of tumor volume and weight; resulting from the inhibition of LDHA activity. Subsequently, the suppression of tumor-derived lactic acid in MA-treated cancer cells resulted in decrease of neovascularization through the regulation of alternatively activated macrophages (M2) polarization in macrophages. Taken together, we suggest that the reduction of lactate by MA in cancer cells directly results in a suppression of cancer cell growth. Furthermore, macrophage polarization and activation of endothelial cells for angiogenesis were indirectly regulated preventing lactate production in MA-treated cancer cells. PubMed: 31324019DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070963 PDB entries with the same primary citation |
| Experimental method | X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2.394 Å) |
Structure validation
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