5JVH

The crystal structure large ribosomal subunit (50S) of Deinococcus radiodurans in complex with evernimicin

Summary for 5JVH

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb5jvh/pdb
• Descriptor: 23S ribosomal RNA, 50S ribosomal protein L15, 50S ribosomal protein L16, ... (30 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: ribosome, antibiotics
• Biological source: Deinococcus radiodurans R1; More
• Total number of polymer chains: 28
• Total formula weight: 1349716.82

Authors

Yonath, A. (deposition date: 2016-05-11, release date: 2016-11-09, Last modification date: 2024-11-20)

Primary citation

Krupkin, M.,Wekselman, I.,Matzov, D.,Eyal, Z.,Diskin Posner, Y.,Rozenberg, H.,Zimmerman, E.,Bashan, A.,Yonath, A.
Avilamycin and evernimicin induce structural changes in rProteins uL16 and CTC that enhance the inhibition of A-site tRNA binding.
Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 113:E6796-E6805, 2016

PubMed Abstract: Two structurally unique ribosomal antibiotics belonging to the orthosomycin family, avilamycin and evernimicin, possess activity against Enterococci, Staphylococci, and Streptococci, and other Gram-positive bacteria. Here, we describe the high-resolution crystal structures of the eubacterial large ribosomal subunit in complex with them. Their extended binding sites span the A-tRNA entrance corridor, thus inhibiting protein biosynthesis by blocking the binding site of the A-tRNA elbow, a mechanism not shared with other known antibiotics. Along with using the ribosomal components that bind and discriminate the A-tRNA-namely, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) helices H89, H91, and ribosomal proteins (rProtein) uL16-these structures revealed novel interactions with domain 2 of the CTC protein, a feature typical to various Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, analysis of these structures explained how single nucleotide mutations and methylations in helices H89 and H91 confer resistance to orthosomycins and revealed the sequence variations in 23S rRNA nucleotides alongside the difference in the lengths of the eukaryotic and prokaryotic α1 helix of protein uL16 that play a key role in the selectivity of those drugs. The accurate interpretation of the crystal structures that could be performed beyond that recently reported in cryo-EM models provide structural insights that may be useful for the design of novel pathogen-specific antibiotics, and for improving the potency of orthosomycins. Because both drugs are extensively metabolized in vivo, their environmental toxicity is very low, thus placing them at the frontline of drugs with reduced ecological hazards.

PubMed: 27791159
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1614297113

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (3.58 Å)