5GWF

FraC with GlcNAc(6S) bound

Summary for 5GWF

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb5gwf/pdb
• Descriptor: DELTA-actitoxin-Afr1a, CHLORIDE ION, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-6-O-sulfo-alpha-D-glucopyranose, ... (5 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: actinoporin, pore-forming toxin, carbohydrate-protein interaction, lipid-protein interaction, toxin, cytolysin, nanopore
• Biological source: Actinia fragacea (Strawberry anemone)
• Cellular location: Secreted : B9W5G6
• Total number of polymer chains: 4
• Total formula weight: 80757.61

Authors

Caaveiro, J.M.M.,Tsumoto, K. (deposition date: 2016-09-11, release date: 2017-06-21, Last modification date: 2023-11-08)

Primary citation

Tanaka, K.,Caaveiro, J.M.M.,Morante, K.,Tsumoto, K.
Haemolytic actinoporins interact with carbohydrates using their lipid-binding module
Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., B, Biol. Sci., 372:-, 2017

PubMed Abstract: Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) are proteins endowed with metamorphic properties that enable them to stably fold in water solutions as well as in cellular membranes. PFTs produce lytic pores on the plasma membranes of target cells conducive to lesions, playing key roles in the defensive and offensive molecular systems of living organisms. Actinoporins are a family of potent haemolytic toxins produced by sea anemones vigorously studied as a paradigm of α-helical PFTs, in the context of lipid-protein interactions, and in connection with nanopore technologies. We have recently reported that fragaceatoxin C (FraC), an actinoporin, engages biological membranes with a large adhesive motif allowing the simultaneous attachment of up to four lipid molecules prior to pore formation. Since actinoporins also interact with carbohydrates, we sought to understand the molecular and energetic basis of glycan recognition by FraC. By employing structural and biophysical methodologies, we show that FraC engages glycans with low affinity using its lipid-binding module. Contrary to other PFTs requiring separate domains for glycan and lipid recognition, the small single-domain actinoporins economize resources by achieving dual recognition with a single binding module. This mechanism could enhance the recruitment of actinoporins to the surface of target tissues in their marine environment.This article is part of the themed issue 'Membrane pores: from structure and assembly, to medicine and technology'.

PubMed: 28630155
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0216

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.55 Å)