4PYM

humanized rat apo-COMT bound to sulphate

Summary for 4PYM

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb4pym/pdb
• Related: 4P7F 4P7G 4P7J 4P7K 4PYI 4PYJ 4PYK 4PYL 4PYN 4PYO 4PYQ
• Descriptor: Catechol O-methyltransferase, POTASSIUM ION, SULFATE ION, ... (4 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: methyltransferase, neurotransmitter degradation, alternative initiation, catecholamine metabolism, cell membrane, metal-binding, phosphoprotein, signal-anchor, transmembrane anchor, enzyme mechanism, conformational change, transferase
• Biological source: Rattus norvegicus (brown rat,rat,rats)
• Cellular location: Isoform 2: Cytoplasm. Isoform 1: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein; Extracellular side: P22734
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 24829.49

Authors

Ehler, A.,Benz, J.,Schlatter, D.,Rudolph, M.G. (deposition date: 2014-03-27, release date: 2014-06-11, Last modification date: 2024-02-28)

Primary citation

Ehler, A.,Benz, J.,Schlatter, D.,Rudolph, M.G.
Mapping the conformational space accessible to catechol-O-methyltransferase.
Acta Crystallogr.,Sect.D, 70:2163-2174, 2014

PubMed Abstract: Methylation catalysed by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is the main pathway of catechol neurotransmitter deactivation in the prefrontal cortex. Low levels of this class of neurotransmitters are held to be causative of diseases such as schizophrenia, depression and Parkinson's disease. Inhibition of COMT may increase neurotransmitter levels, thus offering a route for treatment. Structure-based drug design hitherto seems to be based on the closed enzyme conformation. Here, a set of apo, semi-holo, holo and Michaelis form crystal structures are described that define the conformational space available to COMT and that include likely intermediates along the catalytic pathway. Domain swaps and sizeable loop movements around the active site testify to the flexibility of this enzyme, rendering COMT a difficult drug target. The low affinity of the co-substrate S-adenosylmethionine and the large conformational changes involved during catalysis highlight significant energetic investment to achieve the closed conformation. Since each conformation of COMT is a bona fide target for inhibitors, other states than the closed conformation may be promising to address. Crystallographic data for an alternative avenue of COMT inhibition, i.e. locking of the apo state by an inhibitor, are presented. The set of COMT structures may prove to be useful for the development of novel classes of inhibitors.

PubMed: 25084335
DOI: 10.1107/S1399004714012917

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.19 Å)