4N3U

Candida albicans Superoxide Dismutase 5 (SOD5), Cu(II)

Summary for 4N3U

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb4n3u/pdb
• Related: 4N3T
• Descriptor: Potential secreted Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, COPPER (II) ION, CITRATE ANION, ... (4 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: antioxidant, oxidative burst, oxidoreductase, zinc loop, disulfide bond, extracellular
• Biological source: Candida albicans (Yeast)
• Cellular location: Secreted, cell wall: Q5AD07
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 17149.36

Authors

Galaleldeen, A.,Taylor, A.B.,Waninger-Saroni, J.J.,Holloway, S.P.,Hart, P.J. (deposition date: 2013-10-07, release date: 2014-04-09, Last modification date: 2023-09-20)

Primary citation

Gleason, J.E.,Galaleldeen, A.,Peterson, R.L.,Taylor, A.B.,Holloway, S.P.,Waninger-Saroni, J.,Cormack, B.P.,Cabelli, D.E.,Hart, P.J.,Culotta, V.C.
Candida albicans SOD5 represents the prototype of an unprecedented class of Cu-only superoxide dismutases required for pathogen defense.
Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 111:5866-5871, 2014

PubMed Abstract: The human fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Histoplasma capsulatum have been reported to protect against the oxidative burst of host innate immune cells using a family of extracellular proteins with similarity to Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). We report here that these molecules are widespread throughout fungi and deviate from canonical SOD1 at the primary, tertiary, and quaternary levels. The structure of C. albicans SOD5 reveals that although the β-barrel of Cu/Zn SODs is largely preserved, SOD5 is a monomeric copper protein that lacks a zinc-binding site and is missing the electrostatic loop element proposed to promote catalysis through superoxide guidance. Without an electrostatic loop, the copper site of SOD5 is not recessed and is readily accessible to bulk solvent. Despite these structural deviations, SOD5 has the capacity to disproportionate superoxide with kinetics that approach diffusion limits, similar to those of canonical SOD1. In cultures of C. albicans, SOD5 is secreted in a disulfide-oxidized form and apo-pools of secreted SOD5 can readily capture extracellular copper for rapid induction of enzyme activity. We suggest that the unusual attributes of SOD5-like fungal proteins, including the absence of zinc and an open active site that readily captures extracellular copper, make these SODs well suited to meet challenges in zinc and copper availability at the host-pathogen interface.

PubMed: 24711423
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1400137111

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.75 Å)