3DAU

Crystal structure of the ternary MTX NADPH complex of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase

3DAU の概要

• エントリーDOI: 10.2210/pdb3dau/pdb
• 関連するPDBエントリー: 1RH3
• 分子名称: Dihydrofolate reductase, METHOTREXATE, NADPH DIHYDRO-NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE, ... (4 entities in total)
• 機能のキーワード: oxidoreductase, pseudo-rossmann fold, adenine nucleotide binding domain, antibiotic resistance, methotrexate resistance, nadp, one-carbon metabolism, trimethoprim resistance
• 由来する生物種: Escherichia coli
• タンパク質・核酸の鎖数: 1
• 化学式量合計: 19219.20

構造登録者

Bennett, B.C.,Dealwis, C.G. (登録日: 2008-05-30, 公開日: 2009-04-14, 最終更新日: 2023-08-30)

主引用文献

Bennett, B.C.,Wan, Q.,Ahmad, M.F.,Langan, P.,Dealwis, C.G.
X-ray structure of the ternary MTX.NADPH complex of the anthrax dihydrofolate reductase: a pharmacophore for dual-site inhibitor design.
J.Struct.Biol., 166:162-171, 2009

PubMed Abstract: For reasons of bioterrorism and drug resistance, it is imperative to identify and develop new molecular points of intervention against anthrax. Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is a highly conserved enzyme and an established target in a number of species for a variety of chemotherapeutic programs. Recently, the crystal structure of Bacillus anthracis DHFR (baDHFR) in complex with methotrexate (MTX) was determined and, based on the structure, proposals were made for drug design strategies directed against the substrate-binding site. However, little is gleaned about the binding site for NADPH, the cofactor responsible for hydride transfer in the catalytic mechanism. In the present study, X-ray crystallography at 100 K was used to determine the structure of baDHFR in complex with MTX and NADPH. Although the NADPH binding mode is nearly identical to that seen in other DHFR ternary complex structures, the adenine moiety adopts an off-plane tilt of nearly 90 degrees and this orientation is stabilized by hydrogen bonds to functionally conserved Arg residues. A comparison of the binding site, focusing on this region, between baDHFR and the human enzyme is discussed, with an aim at designing species-selective therapeutics. Indeed, the ternary model, refined to 2.3 A resolution, provides an accurate template for testing the feasibility of identifying dual-site inhibitors, compounds that target both the substrate and cofactor-binding site. With the ternary model in hand, using in silico methods, several compounds were identified which could potentially form key bonding contacts in the substrate and cofactor-binding sites. Ultimately, two structurally distinct compounds were verified that inhibit baDHFR at low microM concentrations. The apparent Kd for one of these, (2-(3-(2-(hydroxyimino)-2-(pyridine-4-yl)-6,7-dimethylquinoxalin-2-yl)-1-(pyridine-4-yl)ethanone oxime), was measured by fluorescence spectroscopy to be 5.3 microM.

PubMed: 19374017

実験手法

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.5 Å)