2UUI

Crystal structure of Human Leukotriene C4 Synthase

Summary for 2UUI

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb2uui/pdb
• Related: 2UUH
• Descriptor: LEUKOTRIENE C4 SYNTHASE, NICKEL (II) ION, DODECYL-BETA-D-MALTOSIDE, ... (6 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: leukotriene signalling, leukotriene biosynthesis, membrane, eicosanoid, transmembrane, membrane protein, apo, lyase, mapeg, human, ltc4s, enzyme, trimer
• Biological source: HOMO SAPIENS (HUMAN)
• Cellular location: Nucleus outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein: Q16873
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 22390.92

Authors

Martinez Molina, D.,Wetterholm, A.,Kohl, A.,McCarthy, A.A.,Niegowski, D.,Ohlson, E.,Hammarberg, T.,Eshaghi, S.,Haeggstrom, J.Z.,Nordlund, P. (deposition date: 2007-03-02, release date: 2007-07-17, Last modification date: 2024-05-08)

Primary citation

Martinez Molina, D.,Wetterholm, A.,Kohl, A.,Mccarthy, A.A.,Niegowski, D.,Ohlson, E.,Hammarberg, T.,Eshaghi, S.,Haeggstrom, J.Z.,Nordlund, P.
Structural Basis for Synthesis of Inflammatory Mediators by Human Leukotriene C4 Synthase.
Nature, 448:613-, 2007

PubMed Abstract: Cysteinyl leukotrienes are key mediators in inflammation and have an important role in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, in particular bronchial asthma. In the biosynthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes, conversion of arachidonic acid forms the unstable epoxide leukotriene A4 (LTA4). This intermediate is conjugated with glutathione (GSH) to produce leukotriene C4 (LTC4) in a reaction catalysed by LTC4 synthase: this reaction is the key step in cysteinyl leukotriene formation. Here we present the crystal structure of the human LTC4 synthase in its apo and GSH-complexed forms to 2.00 and 2.15 A resolution, respectively. The structure reveals a homotrimer, where each monomer is composed of four transmembrane segments. The structure of the enzyme in complex with substrate reveals that the active site enforces a horseshoe-shaped conformation on GSH, and effectively positions the thiol group for activation by a nearby arginine at the membrane-enzyme interface. In addition, the structure provides a model for how the omega-end of the lipophilic co-substrate is pinned at one end of a hydrophobic cleft, providing a molecular 'ruler' to align the reactive epoxide at the thiol of glutathione. This provides new structural insights into the mechanism of LTC4 formation, and also suggests that the observed binding and activation of GSH might be common for a family of homologous proteins important for inflammatory and detoxification responses.

PubMed: 17632546
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE06009

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2 Å)