1NPI

Tityus Serrulatus Neurotoxin (Ts1) at atomic resolution

Summary for 1NPI

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb1npi/pdb
• Descriptor: Toxin VII, PHOSPHATE ION (3 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: xcitatory neurotoxin, toxin
• Biological source: Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian scorpion)
• Cellular location: Secreted: P15226
• Total number of polymer chains: 1
• Total formula weight: 7090.95

Authors

Pinheiro, C.B.,Marangoni, S.,Toyama, M.H.,Polikarpov, I. (deposition date: 2003-01-17, release date: 2003-02-25, Last modification date: 2024-10-30)

Primary citation

Pinheiro, C.B.,Marangoni, S.,Toyama, M.H.,Polikarpov, I.
Structural analysis of Tityus serrulatus Ts1 neurotoxin at atomic resolution: insights into interactions with Na+ channels.
Acta Crystallogr.,Sect.D, 59:405-415, 2003

PubMed Abstract: The structure of the Ts1 toxin from the Brazilian scorpion Tityus serrulatus was investigated at atomic resolution using X-ray crystallography. Several positively charged niches exist on the Ts1 molecular surface, two of which were found to coordinate phosphate ions present in the crystallization solution. One phosphate ion is bound to the conserved basic Lys1 residue at the Ts1 N-terminus and to residue Asn49. The second ion was found to be caged by residues Lys12, Trp54 and Arg56. Lys12 and Tyr/Trp54 residues are strictly conserved in all classical scorpion beta-neurotoxins. The cavity formed by these residues may represent a special scaffold required for interaction between beta-neurotoxins and sodium channels. The charge distribution on the Ts1 surface and the results of earlier chemical modification studies and side-directed mutagenesis experiments strongly indicate that the phosphate-ion positions mark plausible binding sites to the Na(+) channel. The existence of two distinct binding sites on the Ts1 molecular surface provides an explanation for the competition between Ts1, depressant (LqhIT2) and excitatory (AaHIT) neurotoxins.

PubMed: 12595696
DOI: 10.1107/S090744490202111X

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.16 Å)