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- PDB-6pxv: Cryo-EM structure of full-length insulin receptor bound to 4 insu... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 6pxv
TitleCryo-EM structure of full-length insulin receptor bound to 4 insulin. 3D refinement was focused on the extracellular region.
Components
  • Insulin
  • Insulin receptor
KeywordsSIGNALING PROTEIN/HORMONE / insulin receptor / insulin / SIGNALING PROTEIN-HORMONE complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


cellular response to oxygen-containing compound / regulation of female gonad development / positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle / insulin-like growth factor II binding / positive regulation of developmental growth / male sex determination / insulin receptor complex / insulin-like growth factor I binding / exocrine pancreas development / positive regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly ...cellular response to oxygen-containing compound / regulation of female gonad development / positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle / insulin-like growth factor II binding / positive regulation of developmental growth / male sex determination / insulin receptor complex / insulin-like growth factor I binding / exocrine pancreas development / positive regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly / dendritic spine maintenance / cargo receptor activity / insulin binding / neuronal cell body membrane / adrenal gland development / PTB domain binding / Signaling by Insulin receptor / IRS activation / positive regulation of respiratory burst / amyloid-beta clearance / regulation of embryonic development / positive regulation of receptor internalization / protein kinase activator activity / insulin receptor substrate binding / epidermis development / positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process / Signal attenuation / phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding / transport across blood-brain barrier / heart morphogenesis / activation of protein kinase B activity / Insulin receptor recycling / insulin-like growth factor receptor binding / dendrite membrane / neuron projection maintenance / positive regulation of MAP kinase activity / positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division / Insulin receptor signalling cascade / receptor-mediated endocytosis / positive regulation of glycolytic process / learning / positive regulation of D-glucose import / placental growth factor receptor activity / insulin receptor activity / vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activity / hepatocyte growth factor receptor activity / macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor activity / platelet-derived growth factor alpha-receptor activity / platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor activity / stem cell factor receptor activity / boss receptor activity / protein tyrosine kinase collagen receptor activity / brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity / transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity / GPI-linked ephrin receptor activity / epidermal growth factor receptor activity / fibroblast growth factor receptor activity / insulin-like growth factor receptor activity / receptor protein-tyrosine kinase / peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation / hormone activity / caveola / receptor internalization / memory / cellular response to insulin stimulus / glucose metabolic process / male gonad development / positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process / late endosome / insulin receptor signaling pathway / glucose homeostasis / amyloid-beta binding / positive regulation of protein phosphorylation / PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling / protein autophosphorylation / protein tyrosine kinase activity / positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction / lysosome / positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction / receptor complex / positive regulation of MAPK cascade / endosome membrane / positive regulation of cell migration / protein phosphorylation / G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway / protein domain specific binding / symbiont entry into host cell / axon / external side of plasma membrane / positive regulation of cell population proliferation / regulation of DNA-templated transcription / protein-containing complex binding / GTP binding / positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / ATP binding / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Insulin-like, subunit E / Insulin-like / Hormone Receptor, Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor 1; Chain A domain 2 / Hormone Receptor, Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor 1; Chain A, domain 2 / 24 nucleotide stem-loop, u2 snrnp hairpin iv. U2 a'; Chain A / Receptor L-domain / Insulin receptor, trans-membrane domain / Insulin receptor trans-membrane segment / Tyrosine-protein kinase, insulin-like receptor / Tyrosine-protein kinase, receptor class II, conserved site ...Insulin-like, subunit E / Insulin-like / Hormone Receptor, Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor 1; Chain A domain 2 / Hormone Receptor, Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor 1; Chain A, domain 2 / 24 nucleotide stem-loop, u2 snrnp hairpin iv. U2 a'; Chain A / Receptor L-domain / Insulin receptor, trans-membrane domain / Insulin receptor trans-membrane segment / Tyrosine-protein kinase, insulin-like receptor / Tyrosine-protein kinase, receptor class II, conserved site / Receptor tyrosine kinase class II signature. / Alpha-Beta Horseshoe / Insulin / Insulin family / Insulin-like / Insulin/IGF/Relaxin family / Insulin / insulin-like growth factor / relaxin family. / Insulin, conserved site / Insulin family signature. / Insulin-like superfamily / Receptor L-domain / Furin-like cysteine-rich domain / Receptor L-domain superfamily / Furin-like cysteine rich region / Receptor L domain / Furin-like repeat / Furin-like repeats / Growth factor receptor cysteine-rich domain superfamily / Fibronectin type III domain / : / Fibronectin type 3 domain / Fibronectin type-III domain profile. / Fibronectin type III / Fibronectin type III superfamily / Ribbon / Tyrosine-protein kinase, catalytic domain / Tyrosine kinase, catalytic domain / Tyrosine protein kinases specific active-site signature. / Tyrosine-protein kinase, active site / Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase, catalytic domain / Protein tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase / Protein kinase, ATP binding site / Protein kinases ATP-binding region signature. / Immunoglobulin-like fold / Protein kinase domain profile. / Protein kinase domain / Protein kinase-like domain superfamily / Orthogonal Bundle / Mainly Beta / Mainly Alpha / Alpha Beta
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Insulin / Insulin receptor
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.2 Å
AuthorsUchikawa, E. / Choi, E. / Shang, G.J. / Yu, H.T. / Bai, X.C.
CitationJournal: Elife / Year: 2019
Title: Activation mechanism of the insulin receptor revealed by cryo-EM structure of the fully liganded receptor-ligand complex.
Authors: Emiko Uchikawa / Eunhee Choi / Guijun Shang / Hongtao Yu / Xiao-Chen Bai /
Abstract: Insulin signaling controls metabolic homeostasis. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of full-length insulin receptor (IR) and insulin complex in the active state. This structure unexpectedly ...Insulin signaling controls metabolic homeostasis. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of full-length insulin receptor (IR) and insulin complex in the active state. This structure unexpectedly reveals that maximally four insulins can bind the 'T'-shaped IR dimer at four distinct sites related by 2-fold symmetry. Insulins 1 and 1' bind to sites 1 and 1', formed by L1 of one IR protomer and α-CT and FnIII-1 of the other. Insulins 2 and 2' bind to sites 2 and 2' on FnIII-1 of each protomer. Mutagenesis and cellular assays show that both sites 1 and 2 are required for optimal insulin binding and IR activation. We further identify a homotypic FnIII-2-FnIII-2 interaction in mediating the dimerization of membrane proximal domains in the active IR dimer. Our results indicate that binding of multiple insulins at two distinct types of sites disrupts the autoinhibited apo-IR dimer and stabilizes the active dimer.
History
DepositionJul 27, 2019Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Sep 4, 2019Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Oct 23, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Structure summary
Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond ...chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / database_2 / em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Insulin receptor
C: Insulin receptor
D: Insulin
E: Insulin
F: Insulin
G: Insulin


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)341,3496
Polymers341,3496
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: assay for oligomerization
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area12380 Å2
ΔGint-51 kcal/mol
Surface area93600 Å2

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Components

#1: Protein Insulin receptor / IR


Mass: 153913.312 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: INSR / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P06213, receptor protein-tyrosine kinase
#2: Protein
Insulin


Mass: 8380.529 Da / Num. of mol.: 4
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: INS / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: A6XGL2
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Full-length insulin receptor/insulin complex / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.336 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
SpecimenConc.: 7 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 %

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 70 µm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 15 sec. / Electron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 IS (4k x 4k)

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Processing

EM software
IDNameCategory
2EPUimage acquisition
7Cootmodel fitting
9RELIONinitial Euler assignment
10RELIONfinal Euler assignment
11RELIONclassification
12RELION3D reconstruction
13PHENIXmodel refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 1161851
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C2 (2 fold cyclic)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.2 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 235707 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: FLEXIBLE FIT / Space: REAL

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