NER / XPA / XPG / XPF / DNA BINDING PROTEIN / DNA BINDING PROTEIN-DNA complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information
positive regulation of t-circle formation / telomeric DNA-containing double minutes formation / ERCC4-ERCC1 complex / negative regulation of protection from non-homologous end joining at telomere / nucleotide-excision repair factor 1 complex / nucleotide-excision repair involved in interstrand cross-link repair / protein localization to chromosome / nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition / DNA replication factor A complex / nucleotide-excision repair complex ...positive regulation of t-circle formation / telomeric DNA-containing double minutes formation / ERCC4-ERCC1 complex / negative regulation of protection from non-homologous end joining at telomere / nucleotide-excision repair factor 1 complex / nucleotide-excision repair involved in interstrand cross-link repair / protein localization to chromosome / nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition / DNA replication factor A complex / nucleotide-excision repair complex / MMXD complex / core TFIIH complex portion of holo TFIIH complex / negative regulation of telomere maintenance / Cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly / single-stranded DNA endonuclease activity / base-excision repair, AP site formation / resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates / positive regulation of mitotic recombination / hair cell differentiation / nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex / nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex assembly / UV protection / t-circle formation / CAK-ERCC2 complex / bubble DNA binding / mitotic recombination / single-stranded telomeric DNA binding / Removal of the Flap Intermediate / lateral element / G-rich strand telomeric DNA binding / regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity / protein localization to site of double-strand break / Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH3 (MutSbeta) / Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH6 (MutSalpha) / transcription factor TFIIH core complex / transcription factor TFIIH holo complex / G protein-coupled receptor internalization / response to UV-C / hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds / DNA 5'-3' helicase / nuclear thyroid hormone receptor binding / Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand / chromatin-protein adaptor activity / transcription preinitiation complex / RNA Polymerase I Transcription Termination / embryonic organ development / negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening / UV-damage excision repair / transcription factor TFIID complex / regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination / RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity / male germ cell nucleus / regulation of DNA damage checkpoint / regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition / RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE during HIV infection / RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE / telomeric repeat DNA binding / Formation of the Early Elongation Complex / Formation of the HIV-1 Early Elongation Complex / mRNA Capping / HDR through Single Strand Annealing (SSA) / HIV Transcription Initiation / RNA Polymerase II HIV Promoter Escape / Transcription of the HIV genome / RNA Polymerase II Promoter Escape / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Pre-Initiation And Promoter Opening / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Initiation And Promoter Clearance / ATPase activator activity / DNA topological change / RNA polymerase II complex binding / RNA Polymerase I Transcription Initiation / response to UV / Impaired BRCA2 binding to RAD51 / TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding / DNA 3'-5' helicase / PCNA-Dependent Long Patch Base Excision Repair / Activation of the pre-replicative complex / protein localization to nucleus / Regulation of HSF1-mediated heat shock response / 3'-5' DNA helicase activity / HSF1 activation / Presynaptic phase of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange / Tat-mediated elongation of the HIV-1 transcript / telomere maintenance via telomerase / Formation of HIV-1 elongation complex containing HIV-1 Tat / Activation of ATR in response to replication stress / mismatch repair / hormone-mediated signaling pathway / SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins / Formation of HIV elongation complex in the absence of HIV Tat / RNA Polymerase II Transcription Elongation / Formation of RNA Pol II elongation complex / mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling / transcription by RNA polymerase I / RNA Polymerase II Pre-transcription Events / transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair / telomere maintenance / DNA helicase activity / Translesion synthesis by REV1 Similarity search - Function
XPG/Rad2 endonuclease, eukaryotes / DNA repair protein XPF / Replication factor A protein 2 / Replication protein A, C-terminal / : / Replication protein A C terminal / ERCC1/RAD10/SWI10 family / : / Binding domain of DNA repair protein Ercc1 (rad10/Swi10) / XPA protein N-terminal ...XPG/Rad2 endonuclease, eukaryotes / DNA repair protein XPF / Replication factor A protein 2 / Replication protein A, C-terminal / : / Replication protein A C terminal / ERCC1/RAD10/SWI10 family / : / Binding domain of DNA repair protein Ercc1 (rad10/Swi10) / XPA protein N-terminal / Replication factor A protein 3 / Replication factor A protein 3 / XPA / Zinc finger, XPA-type, conserved site / XPA, C-terminal / XPA, conserved site / XPA protein C-terminus / XPA protein signature 1. / XPA protein signature 2. / XPA domain superfamily / Replication factor-A protein 1, N-terminal domain / Replication factor A protein-like / Replication factor A protein 1 / Replication factor-A protein 1, N-terminal / Replication protein A, OB domain / Replication protein A OB domain / ERCC4 domain / ERCC4 domain / ERCC4 domain / : / XPG protein signature 2. / Replication factor A, C-terminal / Replication factor-A C terminal domain / XPG conserved site / XPG protein signature 1. / XPG/Rad2 endonuclease / XPG, N-terminal / XPG-I domain / XPG N-terminal domain / XPG I-region / Xeroderma pigmentosum G I-region / Xeroderma pigmentosum G N-region / TFIIH subunit Tfb4/GTF2H3 / Transcription factor Tfb4 / TFIIH C1-like domain / Ssl1-like / TFIIH subunit Ssl1/p44 / Ssl1-like / TFIIH C1-like domain / TFIIH C1-like domain / TFIIH p62 subunit, N-terminal / TFIIH subunit Tfb1/GTF2H1 / TFIIH p62 subunit, N-terminal domain / BSD domain / BSD domain superfamily / BSD domain / BSD domain profile. / domain in transcription factors and synapse-associated proteins / RAD3/XPD family / Helicase XPB/Ssl2 / Helicase XPB/Ssl2, N-terminal domain / Helicase conserved C-terminal domain / ERCC3/RAD25/XPB C-terminal helicase / Transcription factor TFIIH subunit p52/Tfb2 / Transcription factor Tfb2, C-terminal domain / Transcription factor Tfb2 / Transcription factor Tfb2 (p52) C-terminal domain / TFIIH subunit TTDA/Tfb5 / Helical and beta-bridge domain / TFB5-like superfamily / Transcription factor TFIIH complex subunit Tfb5 / Helical and beta-bridge domain / Transcription factor TFIIH complex subunit Tfb5 / ERCC3/RAD25/XPB helicase, C-terminal domain / : / Ubiquitin-binding motif (UBM) domain profile. / ATP-dependent helicase Rad3/Chl1-like / Helicase-like, DEXD box c2 type / DEAD2 / DEAD_2 / DEXDc2 / Helicase superfamily 1/2, DinG/Rad3-like / Helicase superfamily 1/2, ATP-binding domain, DinG/Rad3-type / Superfamilies 1 and 2 helicase ATP-binding type-2 domain profile. / HELICc2 / ATP-dependent helicase, C-terminal / Helicase C-terminal domain / Putative DNA-binding domain superfamily / Helix-hairpin-helix motif, class 2 / Helix-hairpin-helix class 2 (Pol1 family) motifs / 5'-3' exonuclease, C-terminal domain superfamily / RuvA domain 2-like / OB-fold nucleic acid binding domain, AA-tRNA synthetase-type / Restriction endonuclease type II-like / OB-fold nucleic acid binding domain / Helicase/UvrB, N-terminal / Type III restriction enzyme, res subunit / PIN-like domain superfamily / DNA/RNA helicase, ATP-dependent, DEAH-box type, conserved site / : Similarity search - Domain/homology
DNA excision repair protein ERCC-1 / Replication protein A 32 kDa subunit / General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase subunit XPD / General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase/translocase subunit XPB / DNA repair protein complementing XP-A cells / Replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit / DNA excision repair protein ERCC-5 / General transcription factor IIH subunit 1 / Replication protein A 14 kDa subunit / General transcription factor IIH subunit 2 ...DNA excision repair protein ERCC-1 / Replication protein A 32 kDa subunit / General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase subunit XPD / General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase/translocase subunit XPB / DNA repair protein complementing XP-A cells / Replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit / DNA excision repair protein ERCC-5 / General transcription factor IIH subunit 1 / Replication protein A 14 kDa subunit / General transcription factor IIH subunit 2 / General transcription factor IIH subunit 3 / General transcription factor IIH subunit 5 / General transcription factor IIH subunit 4 / DNA repair endonuclease XPF Similarity search - Component
Biological species
Homo sapiens (human) / synthetic construct (others)
Method
single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.4 Å
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIH/NIDDK)
DK075037
United States
Citation
Journal: Nature / Year: 2026 Title: Pre-incision structures reveal principles of DNA nucleotide excision repair. Authors: Eric C L Li / Jinseok Kim / Sem J Brussee / Kaoru Sugasawa / Martijn S Luijsterburg / Wei Yang / Abstract: Nucleotide excision repair (NER) removes bulky adducts from genomic DNA and prevents the ultraviolet light-sensitivity disease xeroderma pigmentosum, cancer and premature ageing. After initial lesion ...Nucleotide excision repair (NER) removes bulky adducts from genomic DNA and prevents the ultraviolet light-sensitivity disease xeroderma pigmentosum, cancer and premature ageing. After initial lesion recognition by XPC in global genome repair or by stalled RNA polymerases in transcription-coupled repair, a lesion and surrounding DNA duplex are unwound by TFIIH, which includes the ATPases XPB and XPD, and additional NER factors XPA, XPF, XPG and RPA, to form a DNA bubble comprising around 27 nucleotides. The double strand-single strand (ds-ss) junction-specific endonucleases XPF and XPG cleave DNA on the 5' and 3' sides of the lesion, respectively. Here we report the functional steps and atomic structures of the ATPase-driven and lesion-dependent DNA bubble formation and arrangement of the complete NER factors for dual incision. The unwinding of nearly 30 base pairs of DNA depends mainly on the double strand DNA translocase XPB and the duplex dividers XPA and XPF. XPD binds the lesion strand with XPF at the 5' ds-ss junction. XPF cuts the lesion strand only after XPG binds the 3' ds-ss junction. The ERCC1 subunit of XPF facilitates DNA strand separation and recruitment of RPA to the non-lesion strand. These findings provide insights on the causes of human diseases and potential targets for enhancing chemotherapeutic efficacy.
UniProtKB: General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase/translocase subunit XPB
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Macromolecule #2: General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase subunit XPD
Macromolecule
Name: General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase subunit XPD type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: DNA helicase
Cryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277.15 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV
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Electron microscopy
Microscope
TFS KRIOS
Image recording
Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Number grids imaged: 6 / Number real images: 52926 / Average exposure time: 3.0 sec. / Average electron dose: 52.5 e/Å2
Electron beam
Acceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
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