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- EMDB-31037: Nanometer resolution in situ structure of SARS-CoV-2 post-fusion spike -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-31037
TitleNanometer resolution in situ structure of SARS-CoV-2 post-fusion spike
Map data
Sample
  • Virus: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
    • Protein or peptide: Spike protein S2
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
KeywordsSARS-CoV-2 / in situ / post-fusion / spike / cryo-STA / VIRUS
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell ...Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / receptor ligand activity / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus ...Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Methodsubtomogram averaging / cryo EM / Resolution: 10.9 Å
AuthorsZhu Y / Tai L
CitationJournal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / Year: 2021
Title: Nanometer-resolution in situ structure of the SARS-CoV-2 postfusion spike protein.
Authors: Linhua Tai / Guoliang Zhu / Minnan Yang / Lei Cao / Xiaorui Xing / Guoliang Yin / Chun Chan / Chengfeng Qin / Zihe Rao / Xiangxi Wang / Fei Sun / Yun Zhu /
Abstract: The spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mediates membrane fusion to allow entry of the viral genome into host cells. To understand its detailed entry ...The spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mediates membrane fusion to allow entry of the viral genome into host cells. To understand its detailed entry mechanism and develop a specific entry inhibitor, in situ structural information on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in different states is urgent. Here, by using cryo-electron tomography, we observed both prefusion and postfusion spikes in β-propiolactone-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virions and solved the in situ structure of the postfusion spike at nanometer resolution. Compared to previous reports, the six-helix bundle fusion core, the glycosylation sites, and the location of the transmembrane domain were clearly resolved. We observed oligomerization patterns of the spikes on the viral membrane, likely suggesting a mechanism of fusion pore formation.
History
DepositionMar 5, 2021-
Header (metadata) releaseNov 17, 2021-
Map releaseNov 17, 2021-
UpdateJun 18, 2025-
Current statusJun 18, 2025Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.36
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by cylindrical radius
  • Surface level: 0.36
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-7e9t
  • Surface level: 0.36
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Simplified surface model + fitted atomic model
  • Atomic modelsPDB-7e9t
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Structure viewerEM map:
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Supplemental images

emd_31037.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_31037.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 11.4 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
2.72 Å/pix.
x 144 pix.
= 391.68 Å		2.72 Å/pix.
x 144 pix.
= 391.68 Å		2.72 Å/pix.
x 144 pix.
= 391.68 Å

Surface

Projections

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 2.72 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.36 / Movie #1: 0.36
Minimum - Maximum-1.3427917 - 1.4983246
Average (Standard dev.)0.003032186 (±0.046599165)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions144144144
Spacing144144144
CellA=B=C: 391.68 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z2.722.722.72
M x/y/z144144144
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z391.680391.680391.680
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ000
NX/NY/NZ256256256
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS144144144
D min/max/mean-1.3431.4980.003

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_31037_msk_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Histogram

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_31037_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
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Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_31037_half_map_2.map
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Sample components

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Entire : Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

EntireName: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Components
  • Virus: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
    • Protein or peptide: Spike protein S2
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Supramolecule #1: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

SupramoleculeName: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / type: virus / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1 / NCBI-ID: 2697049
Sci species name: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Virus type: VIRION / Virus isolate: OTHER / Virus enveloped: Yes / Virus empty: No

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Macromolecule #1: Spike protein S2

MacromoleculeName: Spike protein S2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 58.672516 KDa
SequenceString: NSVAYSNNSI AIPTNFTISV TTEILPVSMT KTSVDCTMYI CGDSTECSNL LLQYGSFCTQ LNRALTGIAV EQDKNTQEVF AQVKQIYKT PPIKDFGGFN FSQILPDPSK PSKRSFIEDL LFNKVTLADA GFIKQYGDCL GDIAARDLIC AQKFNGLTVL P PLLTDEMI ...String:
NSVAYSNNSI AIPTNFTISV TTEILPVSMT KTSVDCTMYI CGDSTECSNL LLQYGSFCTQ LNRALTGIAV EQDKNTQEVF AQVKQIYKT PPIKDFGGFN FSQILPDPSK PSKRSFIEDL LFNKVTLADA GFIKQYGDCL GDIAARDLIC AQKFNGLTVL P PLLTDEMI AQYTSALLAG TITSGWTFGA GAALQIPFAM QMAYRFNGIG VTQNVLYENQ KLIANQFNSA IGKIQDSLSS TA SALGKLQ DVVNQNAQAL NTLVKQLSSN FGAISSVLND ILSRLDKVEA EVQIDRLITG RLQSLQTYVT QQLIRAAEIR ASA NLAATK MSECVLGQSK RVDFCGKGYH LMSFPQSAPH GVVFLHVTYV PAQEKNFTTA PAICHDGKAH FPREGVFVSN GTHW FVTQR NFYEPQIITT DNTFVSGNCD VVIGIVNNTV YDPLQPELDS FKEELDKYFK NHTSPDVDLG DISGINASVV NIQKE IDRL NEVAKNLNES LIDLQELGKY EQYIKWPWYI WLGFIAGLIA IVMVTIML

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #4: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 9 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsubtomogram averaging
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 QUANTUM (4k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 3.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C3 (3 fold cyclic) / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 10.9 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number subtomograms used: 5463
ExtractionNumber tomograms: 352 / Number images used: 7869
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
FSC plot (resolution estimation)

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