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- EMDB-11467: Full-length structure of tyrosine hydroxylase in complex with dopamine -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-11467
TitleFull-length structure of tyrosine hydroxylase in complex with dopamine
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Tyrosine Hydroxylase in complex with dopamine
    • Protein or peptide: Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
  • Ligand: FE (III) ION
  • Ligand: L-DOPAMINE
KeywordsTetramer / Dopamine / Catecholamine / Brain / Parkinson / OXIDOREDUCTASE
Function / homology
Function and homology information


tyrosine 3-monooxygenase / tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity / dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine / embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis / epinephrine biosynthetic process / Catecholamine biosynthesis / norepinephrine biosynthetic process / hyaloid vascular plexus regression / eye photoreceptor cell development / melanosome membrane ...tyrosine 3-monooxygenase / tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity / dopamine biosynthetic process from tyrosine / embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis / epinephrine biosynthetic process / Catecholamine biosynthesis / norepinephrine biosynthetic process / hyaloid vascular plexus regression / eye photoreceptor cell development / melanosome membrane / synaptic transmission, dopaminergic / mating behavior / eating behavior / dopamine biosynthetic process / pigmentation / regulation of heart contraction / smooth endoplasmic reticulum / anatomical structure morphogenesis / heart morphogenesis / visual perception / animal organ morphogenesis / learning / locomotory behavior / cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane / memory / synaptic vesicle / heart development / cytoplasmic vesicle / response to ethanol / perikaryon / response to hypoxia / neuron projection / iron ion binding / axon / perinuclear region of cytoplasm / enzyme binding / identical protein binding / nucleus / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase / Tyrosine hydroxylase, conserved site / Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, catalytic domain / : / Tyrosine hydroxylase N terminal / Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase-like, ACT domain / Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase-like / Aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, iron/copper binding site / Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylases signature. / Aromatic amino acid hydroxylase ...Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase / Tyrosine hydroxylase, conserved site / Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, catalytic domain / : / Tyrosine hydroxylase N terminal / Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase-like, ACT domain / Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase-like / Aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, iron/copper binding site / Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylases signature. / Aromatic amino acid hydroxylase / Aromatic amino acid hydroxylase, C-terminal / Aromatic amino acid monoxygenase, C-terminal domain superfamily / Aromatic amino acid hydroxylase superfamily / Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase / Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family profile. / ACT-like domain
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 4.0 Å
AuthorsBueno-Carrasco MT / Cuellar J
Funding support Spain, 2 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Research Council of NorwayFRIMEDBIO 261826 Spain
Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and UniversitiesPID2019-105872GB-I00 Spain
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2022
Title: Structural mechanism for tyrosine hydroxylase inhibition by dopamine and reactivation by Ser40 phosphorylation.
Authors: María Teresa Bueno-Carrasco / Jorge Cuéllar / Marte I Flydal / César Santiago / Trond-André Kråkenes / Rune Kleppe / José R López-Blanco / Miguel Marcilla / Knut Teigen / Sara Alvira ...Authors: María Teresa Bueno-Carrasco / Jorge Cuéllar / Marte I Flydal / César Santiago / Trond-André Kråkenes / Rune Kleppe / José R López-Blanco / Miguel Marcilla / Knut Teigen / Sara Alvira / Pablo Chacón / Aurora Martinez / José M Valpuesta /
Abstract: Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of dopamine (DA) and other catecholamines, and its dysfunction leads to DA deficiency and parkinsonisms. Inhibition by ...Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of dopamine (DA) and other catecholamines, and its dysfunction leads to DA deficiency and parkinsonisms. Inhibition by catecholamines and reactivation by S40 phosphorylation are key regulatory mechanisms of TH activity and conformational stability. We used Cryo-EM to determine the structures of full-length human TH without and with DA, and the structure of S40 phosphorylated TH, complemented with biophysical and biochemical characterizations and molecular dynamics simulations. TH presents a tetrameric structure with dimerized regulatory domains that are separated 15 Å from the catalytic domains. Upon DA binding, a 20-residue α-helix in the flexible N-terminal tail of the regulatory domain is fixed in the active site, blocking it, while S40-phosphorylation forces its egress. The structures reveal the molecular basis of the inhibitory and stabilizing effects of DA and its counteraction by S40-phosphorylation, key regulatory mechanisms for homeostasis of DA and TH.
History
DepositionJul 27, 2020-
Header (metadata) releaseNov 17, 2021-
Map releaseNov 17, 2021-
UpdateOct 1, 2025-
Current statusOct 1, 2025Processing site: PDBe / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.01
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by radius
  • Surface level: 0.01
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-6zvp
  • Surface level: 0.01
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Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_11467.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_11467.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 22.2 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.05 Å/pix.
x 180 pix.
= 189. Å		1.05 Å/pix.
x 180 pix.
= 189. Å		1.05 Å/pix.
x 180 pix.
= 189. Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.05 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.004 / Movie #1: 0.01
Minimum - Maximum-0.050817803 - 0.10276306
Average (Standard dev.)0.0006814199 (±0.0049492484)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions180180180
Spacing180180180
CellA=B=C: 188.99998 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.051.051.05
M x/y/z180180180
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z189.000189.000189.000
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS180180180
D min/max/mean-0.0510.1030.001

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Supplemental data

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Half map: #1

Fileemd_11467_half_map_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

Projections

Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Half map: #2

Fileemd_11467_half_map_2.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Slices (1/2)
Density Histograms

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)

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Sample components

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Entire : Tyrosine Hydroxylase in complex with dopamine

EntireName: Tyrosine Hydroxylase in complex with dopamine
Components
  • Complex: Tyrosine Hydroxylase in complex with dopamine
    • Protein or peptide: Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
  • Ligand: FE (III) ION
  • Ligand: L-DOPAMINE

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Supramolecule #1: Tyrosine Hydroxylase in complex with dopamine

SupramoleculeName: Tyrosine Hydroxylase in complex with dopamine / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)

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Macromolecule #1: Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase

MacromoleculeName: Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 4 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: tyrosine 3-monooxygenase
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 51.399859 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)
SequenceString: SLIEDARKER EAAVAAAAAA VPSEPGDPLE AVAFEEKEGK AMLNLLFSPR ATKPSALSRA VKVFETFEAK IHHLETRPAQ RPRAGGPHL EYFVRLEVRR GDLAALLSGV RQVSEDVRSP AGPKVPWFPR KVSELDKCHH LVTKFDPDLD LDHPGFSDQV Y RQRRKLIA ...String:
SLIEDARKER EAAVAAAAAA VPSEPGDPLE AVAFEEKEGK AMLNLLFSPR ATKPSALSRA VKVFETFEAK IHHLETRPAQ RPRAGGPHL EYFVRLEVRR GDLAALLSGV RQVSEDVRSP AGPKVPWFPR KVSELDKCHH LVTKFDPDLD LDHPGFSDQV Y RQRRKLIA EIAFQYRHGD PIPRVEYTAE EIATWKEVYT TLKGLYATHA CGEHLEAFAL LERFSGYRED NIPQLEDVSR FL KERTGFQ LRPVAGLLSA RDFLASLAFR VFQCTQYIRH ASSPMHSPEP DCCHELLGHV PMLADRTFAQ FSQDIGLASL GAS DEEIEK LSTLYWFTVE FGLCKQNGEV KAYGAGLLSS YGELLHCLSE EPEIRAFDPE AAAVQPYQDQ TYQSVYFVSE SFSD AKDKL RSYASRIQRP FSVKFDPYTL AIDVLDSPQA VRRSLEGVQD ELDTLAHALS AIG

UniProtKB: Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase

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Macromolecule #2: FE (III) ION

MacromoleculeName: FE (III) ION / type: ligand / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 4 / Formula: FE
Molecular weightTheoretical: 55.845 Da

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Macromolecule #3: L-DOPAMINE

MacromoleculeName: L-DOPAMINE / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 4 / Formula: LDP
Molecular weightTheoretical: 153.178 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-LDP:
L-DOPAMINE / medication*YM

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.4
GridModel: UltrAuFoil R1.2/1.3 / Material: GOLD
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Detector mode: COUNTING / Average electron dose: 1.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: OTHER / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: NONE
Startup modelType of model: INSILICO MODEL
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 4.0 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 36368
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

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