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- PDB-6t7c: Structure of two copies of human Sox11 transcription factor in co... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 6t7c
TitleStructure of two copies of human Sox11 transcription factor in complex with a nucleosome
Components
  • (DNA (147-MER)) x 2
  • Histone H2A type 1-B/E
  • Histone H2B type 1-K
  • Histone H3.2
  • Histone H4
  • Transcription factor SOX-11
KeywordsNUCLEAR PROTEIN / Nucleosome / DNA / histones / Sox11 / transcription factor / pioneer factor
Function / homology
Function and homology information


closure of optic fissure / positive regulation of lens epithelial cell proliferation / soft palate development / cornea development in camera-type eye / noradrenergic neuron differentiation / negative regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding / negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation / hard palate development / embryonic digestive tract morphogenesis / positive regulation of hippo signaling ...closure of optic fissure / positive regulation of lens epithelial cell proliferation / soft palate development / cornea development in camera-type eye / noradrenergic neuron differentiation / negative regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding / negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation / hard palate development / embryonic digestive tract morphogenesis / positive regulation of hippo signaling / regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway / lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye / embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis / neuroepithelial cell differentiation / camera-type eye morphogenesis / oligodendrocyte development / sympathetic nervous system development / positive regulation of hormone secretion / positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway / positive regulation of ossification / positive regulation of neurogenesis / negative regulation of glial cell proliferation / ventricular septum morphogenesis / spinal cord development / lung morphogenesis / eyelid development in camera-type eye / positive regulation of stem cell proliferation / skeletal muscle cell differentiation / outflow tract morphogenesis / negative regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation / glial cell proliferation / positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation / protein localization to CENP-A containing chromatin / Chromatin modifying enzymes / Replacement of protamines by nucleosomes in the male pronucleus / CENP-A containing nucleosome / Packaging Of Telomere Ends / Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected purine / Cleavage of the damaged purine / Deposition of new CENPA-containing nucleosomes at the centromere / nucleosomal DNA binding / Recognition and association of DNA glycosylase with site containing an affected pyrimidine / Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine / Inhibition of DNA recombination at telomere / positive regulation of neuron differentiation / telomere organization / Meiotic synapsis / Interleukin-7 signaling / RNA Polymerase I Promoter Opening / Assembly of the ORC complex at the origin of replication / SUMOylation of chromatin organization proteins / Regulation of endogenous retroelements by the Human Silencing Hub (HUSH) complex / DNA methylation / Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes / kidney development / SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression / Chromatin modifications during the maternal to zygotic transition (MZT) / ERCC6 (CSB) and EHMT2 (G9a) positively regulate rRNA expression / HCMV Late Events / innate immune response in mucosa / PRC2 methylates histones and DNA / Regulation of endogenous retroelements by KRAB-ZFP proteins / Defective pyroptosis / Regulation of endogenous retroelements by Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) / HDACs deacetylate histones / Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ) / RNA Polymerase I Promoter Escape / Transcriptional regulation by small RNAs / Formation of the beta-catenin:TCF transactivating complex / brain development / RUNX1 regulates genes involved in megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet function / NoRC negatively regulates rRNA expression / Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 / G2/M DNA damage checkpoint / HDMs demethylate histones / B-WICH complex positively regulates rRNA expression / neuron differentiation / DNA Damage/Telomere Stress Induced Senescence / heterochromatin formation / PKMTs methylate histone lysines / Metalloprotease DUBs / Meiotic recombination / Pre-NOTCH Transcription and Translation / RMTs methylate histone arginines / Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis / HCMV Early Events / Transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis / structural constituent of chromatin / UCH proteinases / antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide / nucleosome / nucleosome assembly / E3 ubiquitin ligases ubiquitinate target proteins / antibacterial humoral response / Recruitment and ATM-mediated phosphorylation of repair and signaling proteins at DNA double strand breaks / chromatin organization / RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs / nervous system development / Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production / HATs acetylate histones
Similarity search - Function
Transcription factor SOX-12/11/4 / : / High mobility group box domain / DNA Binding (I), subunit A / HMG (high mobility group) box / Histone, subunit A / HMG boxes A and B DNA-binding domains profile. / Histone, subunit A / high mobility group / High mobility group box domain ...Transcription factor SOX-12/11/4 / : / High mobility group box domain / DNA Binding (I), subunit A / HMG (high mobility group) box / Histone, subunit A / HMG boxes A and B DNA-binding domains profile. / Histone, subunit A / high mobility group / High mobility group box domain / High mobility group box domain superfamily / Histone H2B signature. / Histone H2B / Histone H2B / Histone H2A conserved site / Histone H2A signature. / Histone H2A, C-terminal domain / C-terminus of histone H2A / Histone H4, conserved site / Histone H4 signature. / Histone H4 / Histone H4 / Histone H2A / Histone 2A / CENP-T/Histone H4, histone fold / Centromere kinetochore component CENP-T histone fold / TATA box binding protein associated factor / TATA box binding protein associated factor (TAF), histone-like fold domain / Histone H3 signature 1. / Histone H3 signature 2. / Histone H3 / Histone H3/CENP-A / Histone H2A/H2B/H3 / Core histone H2A/H2B/H3/H4 / Histone-fold / Orthogonal Bundle / Mainly Alpha
Similarity search - Domain/homology
DNA / DNA (> 10) / DNA (> 100) / Histone H2B type 1-K / Histone H2A type 1-B/E / Transcription factor SOX-11 / Histone H4 / Histone H3.2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
synthetic construct (others)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 4 Å
AuthorsDodonova, S.O. / Zhu, F. / Dienemann, C. / Taipale, J. / Cramer, P.
Funding support Germany, 3items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
European Research Council (ERC)693023 Germany
European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO)ALTF-949-2016 Germany
Volkswagen Foundation Germany
CitationJournal: Nature / Year: 2020
Title: Nucleosome-bound SOX2 and SOX11 structures elucidate pioneer factor function.
Authors: Svetlana O Dodonova / Fangjie Zhu / Christian Dienemann / Jussi Taipale / Patrick Cramer /
Abstract: 'Pioneer' transcription factors are required for stem-cell pluripotency, cell differentiation and cell reprogramming. Pioneer factors can bind nucleosomal DNA to enable gene expression from regions ...'Pioneer' transcription factors are required for stem-cell pluripotency, cell differentiation and cell reprogramming. Pioneer factors can bind nucleosomal DNA to enable gene expression from regions of the genome with closed chromatin. SOX2 is a prominent pioneer factor that is essential for pluripotency and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of the DNA-binding domains of SOX2 and its close homologue SOX11 bound to nucleosomes. The structures show that SOX factors can bind and locally distort DNA at superhelical location 2. The factors also facilitate detachment of terminal nucleosomal DNA from the histone octamer, which increases DNA accessibility. SOX-factor binding to the nucleosome can also lead to a repositioning of the N-terminal tail of histone H4 that includes residue lysine 16. We speculate that this repositioning is incompatible with higher-order nucleosome stacking, which involves contacts of the H4 tail with a neighbouring nucleosome. Our results indicate that pioneer transcription factors can use binding energy to initiate chromatin opening, and thereby facilitate nucleosome remodelling and subsequent transcription.
History
DepositionOct 21, 2019Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Apr 29, 2020Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1May 13, 2020Group: Database references / Category: citation / citation_author
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID
Revision 1.2May 22, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Refinement description
Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond ...chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / database_2 / em_3d_fitting_list / pdbx_initial_refinement_model
Item: _database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession ..._database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession / _em_3d_fitting_list.accession_code / _em_3d_fitting_list.initial_refinement_model_id / _em_3d_fitting_list.source_name / _em_3d_fitting_list.type

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Structure visualization

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Structure viewerMolecule:
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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Histone H3.2
B: Histone H4
C: Histone H2A type 1-B/E
D: Histone H2B type 1-K
E: Histone H3.2
F: Histone H4
G: Histone H2A type 1-B/E
H: Histone H2B type 1-K
I: DNA (147-MER)
J: DNA (147-MER)
K: Transcription factor SOX-11
L: Transcription factor SOX-11


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)231,26312
Polymers231,26312
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: native gel electrophoresis
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Protein , 5 types, 10 molecules AEBFCGDHKL

#1: Protein Histone H3.2 / Histone H3/m / Histone H3/o


Mass: 15389.036 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: HIST2H3A, HIST2H3C, H3F2, H3FM, HIST2H3D / Plasmid: pET22b / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / Variant (production host): CodonPlus-RIL / References: UniProt: Q71DI3
#2: Protein Histone H4


Mass: 11394.426 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human)
Gene: HIST1H4A, H4/A, H4FA, HIST1H4B, H4/I, H4FI, HIST1H4C, H4/G, H4FG, HIST1H4D, H4/B, H4FB, HIST1H4E, H4/J, H4FJ, HIST1H4F, H4/C, H4FC, HIST1H4H, H4/H, H4FH, HIST1H4I, H4/M, H4FM, HIST1H4J, H4/E, ...Gene: HIST1H4A, H4/A, H4FA, HIST1H4B, H4/I, H4FI, HIST1H4C, H4/G, H4FG, HIST1H4D, H4/B, H4FB, HIST1H4E, H4/J, H4FJ, HIST1H4F, H4/C, H4FC, HIST1H4H, H4/H, H4FH, HIST1H4I, H4/M, H4FM, HIST1H4J, H4/E, H4FE, HIST1H4K, H4/D, H4FD, HIST1H4L, H4/K, H4FK, HIST2H4A, H4/N, H4F2, H4FN, HIST2H4, HIST2H4B, H4/O, H4FO, HIST4H4
Plasmid: pET3a / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / Variant (production host): CodonPlus-RIL / References: UniProt: P62805
#3: Protein Histone H2A type 1-B/E / Histone H2A.2 / Histone H2A/a / Histone H2A/m


Mass: 16707.277 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: HIST1H2AB, H2AFM, HIST1H2AE, H2AFA / Plasmid: LIC-1B (MacroLabs) / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / Variant (production host): CodonPlus-RIL / References: UniProt: P04908
#4: Protein Histone H2B type 1-K / H2B K / HIRA-interacting protein 1


Mass: 13921.213 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: HIST1H2BK, H2BFT, HIRIP1 / Plasmid: pET22b / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / Variant (production host): CodonPlus-RIL / References: UniProt: O60814
#7: Protein Transcription factor SOX-11


Mass: 12856.941 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: SOX11 / Plasmid: LIC-1B (MacroLabs) / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria) / Variant (production host): CodonPlus-RIL / References: UniProt: P35716

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DNA chain , 2 types, 2 molecules IJ

#5: DNA chain DNA (147-MER)


Mass: 45240.848 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others)
#6: DNA chain DNA (147-MER)


Mass: 45484.273 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) synthetic construct (others)

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

Component
IDNameTypeEntity IDParent-IDSource
1Structure of two copies of human Sox11 transcription factor in complex with a nucleosomeCOMPLEXall0MULTIPLE SOURCES
2Histones and Sox11COMPLEX#1-#4, #71RECOMBINANT
3DNACOMPLEX#5-#61RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.229 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
22Homo sapiens (human)9606
33synthetic construct (others)32630
Source (recombinant)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
22Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) (bacteria)469008
33synthetic construct (others)32630
Buffer solutionpH: 7.5
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
120 mMHEPES1
230 mMNaCl1
31 mMEDTA1
42 mMDTT1
SpecimenConc.: 0.15 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportDetails: 0.39 mB, 25 mA / Grid material: COPPER / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R2/1
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 289 K
Details: The sample was applied onto glow-discharged Quantifoil holey carbon grids. The grids were blotted from both sides for 5-10 seconds at 16*C in a chamber at 100% humidity and plunge-frozen ...Details: The sample was applied onto glow-discharged Quantifoil holey carbon grids. The grids were blotted from both sides for 5-10 seconds at 16*C in a chamber at 100% humidity and plunge-frozen into liquid ethane using a manual plunger.

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Details: At least 50% of the data were collected at 25* stage tilt in order to partially compensate for preferred orientation of particles on the grid, and to improve angular distribution.
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 130000 X / Nominal defocus max: 3500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 100 µm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingElectron dose: 1.125 e/Å2 / Detector mode: COUNTING / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 SUMMIT (4k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter name: GIF Bioquantum / Energyfilter slit width: 30 eV
Image scansMovie frames/image: 40

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Processing

EM software
IDNameCategory
2EPUimage acquisition
4GctfCTF correction
9RELIONinitial Euler assignment
10RELIONfinal Euler assignment
11RELIONclassification
12RELION3D reconstruction
13PHENIXmodel refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
3D reconstructionResolution: 4 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 109666 / Symmetry type: POINT
EM volume selectionDetails: 1733 vesicles and near-complete buds were picked from 61 tomograms. Subtomograms were extracted from the surface of the vesicles.
Num. of tomograms: 54 / Num. of volumes extracted: 2547
Atomic model buildingB value: 130 / Protocol: OTHER / Space: REAL
Atomic model buildingPDB-ID: 6FQ5

6fq5


Accession code: 6FQ5 / Source name: PDB / Type: experimental model

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