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- EMDB-22941: Cryo-EM structure of single ACE2-bound SARS-CoV-2 trimer spike at... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-22941
TitleCryo-EM structure of single ACE2-bound SARS-CoV-2 trimer spike at pH 7.4
Map dataSharpened map
Sample
  • Complex: Single ACE2-bound SARS-CoV-2 Trimer
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
    • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
KeywordsCOVID / COVID19 / SARS-CoV2 / ACE2 / prefusion / HYDROLASE-VIRAL PROTEIN complex
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / regulation of vasoconstriction ...positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / regulation of vasoconstriction / peptidyl-dipeptidase activity / maternal process involved in female pregnancy / angiotensin maturation / Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins / negative regulation of signaling receptor activity / carboxypeptidase activity / Attachment and Entry / positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / viral life cycle / regulation of cytokine production / blood vessel diameter maintenance / negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / brush border membrane / regulation of transmembrane transporter activity / cilium / negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade / positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / metallopeptidase activity / endocytic vesicle membrane / virus receptor activity / regulation of cell population proliferation / regulation of inflammatory response / endopeptidase activity / Maturation of spike protein / viral translation / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / suppression by virus of host tetherin activity / Potential therapeutics for SARS / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / receptor ligand activity / host cell surface receptor binding / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / symbiont entry into host cell / membrane raft / apical plasma membrane / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / cell surface / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / zinc ion binding / extracellular region / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal ...Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Spike glycoprotein / Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Homo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.93 Å
AuthorsGorman J / Kwong PD
Funding support United States, 2 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)U24 GM129539 United States
Other privateSF349247 United States
CitationJournal: Cell Host Microbe / Year: 2020
Title: Cryo-EM Structures of SARS-CoV-2 Spike without and with ACE2 Reveal a pH-Dependent Switch to Mediate Endosomal Positioning of Receptor-Binding Domains.
Authors: Tongqing Zhou / Yaroslav Tsybovsky / Jason Gorman / Micah Rapp / Gabriele Cerutti / Gwo-Yu Chuang / Phinikoula S Katsamba / Jared M Sampson / Arne Schön / Jude Bimela / Jeffrey C Boyington ...Authors: Tongqing Zhou / Yaroslav Tsybovsky / Jason Gorman / Micah Rapp / Gabriele Cerutti / Gwo-Yu Chuang / Phinikoula S Katsamba / Jared M Sampson / Arne Schön / Jude Bimela / Jeffrey C Boyington / Alexandra Nazzari / Adam S Olia / Wei Shi / Mallika Sastry / Tyler Stephens / Jonathan Stuckey / I-Ting Teng / Pengfei Wang / Shuishu Wang / Baoshan Zhang / Richard A Friesner / David D Ho / John R Mascola / Lawrence Shapiro / Peter D Kwong /
Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 spike employs mobile receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to engage the human ACE2 receptor and to facilitate virus entry, which can occur through low-pH-endosomal pathways. To understand ...The SARS-CoV-2 spike employs mobile receptor-binding domains (RBDs) to engage the human ACE2 receptor and to facilitate virus entry, which can occur through low-pH-endosomal pathways. To understand how ACE2 binding and low pH affect spike conformation, we determined cryo-electron microscopy structures-at serological and endosomal pH-delineating spike recognition of up to three ACE2 molecules. RBDs freely adopted "up" conformations required for ACE2 interaction, primarily through RBD movement combined with smaller alterations in neighboring domains. In the absence of ACE2, single-RBD-up conformations dominated at pH 5.5, resolving into a solitary all-down conformation at lower pH. Notably, a pH-dependent refolding region (residues 824-858) at the spike-interdomain interface displayed dramatic structural rearrangements and mediated RBD positioning through coordinated movements of the entire trimer apex. These structures provide a foundation for understanding prefusion-spike mechanics governing endosomal entry; we suggest that the low pH all-down conformation potentially facilitates immune evasion from RBD-up binding antibody.
History
DepositionNov 4, 2020-
Header (metadata) releaseDec 9, 2020-
Map releaseDec 9, 2020-
UpdateOct 30, 2024-
Current statusOct 30, 2024Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.1
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  • Surface view colored by cylindrical radius
  • Surface level: 0.1
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-7knb
  • Surface level: 0.1
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Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_22941.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_22941.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 282.6 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
AnnotationSharpened map
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.06 Å/pix.
x 420 pix.
= 444.36 Å		1.06 Å/pix.
x 420 pix.
= 444.36 Å		1.06 Å/pix.
x 420 pix.
= 444.36 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

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Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.058 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.07 / Movie #1: 0.1
Minimum - Maximum-0.053328905 - 0.3777491
Average (Standard dev.)0.002332216 (±0.012037013)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions420420420
Spacing420420420
CellA=B=C: 444.36 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.0581.0581.058
M x/y/z420420420
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z444.360444.360444.360
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ937643
NX/NY/NZ114126230
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS420420420
D min/max/mean-0.0530.3780.002

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Supplemental data

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Mask #1

Fileemd_22941_msk_1.map
Projections & Slices
AxesZYX

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Additional map: Unsharpened

Fileemd_22941_additional_1.map
AnnotationUnsharpened
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Half map: Half map A

Fileemd_22941_half_map_1.map
AnnotationHalf map A
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Half map: Half map B

Fileemd_22941_half_map_2.map
AnnotationHalf map B
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Sample components

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Entire : Single ACE2-bound SARS-CoV-2 Trimer

EntireName: Single ACE2-bound SARS-CoV-2 Trimer
Components
  • Complex: Single ACE2-bound SARS-CoV-2 Trimer
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
    • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Supramolecule #1: Single ACE2-bound SARS-CoV-2 Trimer

SupramoleculeName: Single ACE2-bound SARS-CoV-2 Trimer / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#2
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Macromolecule #1: Spike glycoprotein

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 3 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 142.399375 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLTT RTQLPPAYTN SFTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHS TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHAIHV SGTNGTKRFD NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF ...String:
MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNLTT RTQLPPAYTN SFTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHS TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHAIHV SGTNGTKRFD NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF EYVSQPFLMD LEGKQGNFKN LREFVFKNID GYFKIYSKHT PINLVRDLPQ GFSALEPLVD LPIGINITRF QT LLALHRS YLTPGDSSSG WTAGAAAYYV GYLQPRTFLL KYNENGTITD AVDCALDPLS ETKCTLKSFT VEKGIYQTSN FRV QPTESI VRFPNITNLC PFGEVFNATR FASVYAWNRK RISNCVADYS VLYNSASFST FKCYGVSPTK LNDLCFTNVY ADSF VIRGD EVRQIAPGQT GKIADYNYKL PDDFTGCVIA WNSNNLDSKV GGNYNYLYRL FRKSNLKPFE RDISTEIYQA GSTPC NGVE GFNCYFPLQS YGFQPTNGVG YQPYRVVVLS FELLHAPATV CGPKKSTNLV KNKCVNFNFN GLTGTGVLTE SNKKFL PFQ QFGRDIADTT DAVRDPQTLE ILDITPCSFG GVSVITPGTN TSNQVAVLYQ DVNCTEVPVA IHADQLTPTW RVYSTGS NV FQTRAGCLIG AEHVNNSYEC DIPIGAGICA SYQTQTNSPG SASSVASQSI IAYTMSLGAE NSVAYSNNSI AIPTNFTI S VTTEILPVSM TKTSVDCTMY ICGDSTECSN LLLQYGSFCT QLNRALTGIA VEQDKNTQEV FAQVKQIYKT PPIKDFGGF NFSQILPDPS KPSKRSFIED LLFNKVTLAD AGFIKQYGDC LGDIAARDLI CAQKFNGLTV LPPLLTDEMI AQYTSALLAG TITSGWTFG AGAALQIPFA MQMAYRFNGI GVTQNVLYEN QKLIANQFNS AIGKIQDSLS STASALGKLQ DVVNQNAQAL N TLVKQLSS NFGAISSVLN DILSRLDPPE AEVQIDRLIT GRLQSLQTYV TQQLIRAAEI RASANLAATK MSECVLGQSK RV DFCGKGY HLMSFPQSAP HGVVFLHVTY VPAQEKNFTT APAICHDGKA HFPREGVFVS NGTHWFVTQR NFYEPQIITT DNT FVSGNC DVVIGIVNNT VYDPLQPELD SFKEELDKYF KNHTSPDVDL GDISGINASV VNIQKEIDRL NEVAKNLNES LIDL QELGK YEQGSGYIPE APRDGQAYVR KDGEWVLLST FLGRSLEVLF QGPGHHHHHH HHSAWSHPQF EKGGGSGGGG SGGSA WSHP QFEK

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #2: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

MacromoleculeName: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 69.153664 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: STIEEQAKTF LDKFNHEAED LFYQSSLASW NYNTNITEEN VQNMNNAGDK WSAFLKEQST LAQMYPLQEI QNLTVKLQLQ ALQQNGSSV LSEDKSKRLN TILNTMSTIY STGKVCNPDN PQECLLLEPG LNEIMANSLD YNERLWAWES WRSEVGKQLR P LYEEYVVL ...String:
STIEEQAKTF LDKFNHEAED LFYQSSLASW NYNTNITEEN VQNMNNAGDK WSAFLKEQST LAQMYPLQEI QNLTVKLQLQ ALQQNGSSV LSEDKSKRLN TILNTMSTIY STGKVCNPDN PQECLLLEPG LNEIMANSLD YNERLWAWES WRSEVGKQLR P LYEEYVVL KNEMARANHY EDYGDYWRGD YEVNGVDGYD YSRGQLIEDV EHTFEEIKPL YEHLHAYVRA KLMNAYPSYI SP IGCLPAH LLGDMWGRFW TNLYSLTVPF GQKPNIDVTD AMVDQAWDAQ RIFKEAEKFF VSVGLPNMTQ GFWENSMLTD PGN VQKAVC HPTAWDLGKG DFRILMCTKV TMDDFLTAHH EMGHIQYDMA YAAQPFLLRN GANEGFHEAV GEIMSLSAAT PKHL KSIGL LSPDFQEDNE TEINFLLKQA LTIVGTLPFT YMLEKWRWMV FKGEIPKDQW MKKWWEMKRE IVGVVEPVPH DETYC DPAS LFHVSNDYSF IRYYTRTLYQ FQFQEALCQA AKHEGPLHKC DISNSTEAGQ KLFNMLRLGK SEPWTLALEN VVGAKN MNV RPLLNYFEPL FTWLKDQNKN SFVGWSTDWS PYAD

UniProtKB: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

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Macromolecule #4: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 46 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

Concentration1.0 mg/mL
BufferpH: 7.4 / Component - Formula: PBS
GridModel: C-flat-1.2/1.3 / Material: COPPER / Mesh: 400 / Support film - Material: CARBON / Support film - topology: HOLEY
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE / Chamber humidity: 90 % / Chamber temperature: 293 K / Instrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Detector mode: COUNTING / Number grids imaged: 1 / Number real images: 3104 / Average exposure time: 2.0 sec. / Average electron dose: 53.49 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsC2 aperture diameter: 70.0 µm / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD
Sample stageSpecimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER / Cooling holder cryogen: NITROGEN
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

Particle selectionNumber selected: 541541
Startup modelType of model: NONE
Final reconstructionApplied symmetry - Point group: C1 (asymmetric) / Algorithm: FOURIER SPACE / Resolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.93 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Software - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 2.14) / Number images used: 16997
Initial angle assignmentType: NOT APPLICABLE
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final 3D classificationSoftware - Name: cryoSPARC (ver. 2.12)

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Atomic model buiding 1

Initial model
PDB IDChain

6vxx

source_name: PDB, initial_model_type: experimental model

7kmb

source_name: PDB, initial_model_type: experimental model
RefinementSpace: REAL / Protocol: FLEXIBLE FIT
Output model

PDB-7knb:
Cryo-EM structure of single ACE2-bound SARS-CoV-2 trimer spike at pH 7.4

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