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TitleStructural basis of RECQL5-induced RNA polymerase II transcription braking and subsequent reactivation.
Journal, issue, pagesNat Struct Mol Biol, Vol. 32, Issue 9, Page 1731-1740, Year 2025
Publish dateJul 7, 2025
AuthorsLuojia Zhang / Yuliya Gordiyenko / Tomos Morgan / Catarina Franco / Ana Tufegdžić Vidaković / Suyang Zhang /
PubMed AbstractAbnormally fast transcription elongation can lead to detrimental consequences such as transcription-replication collisions, altered alternative splicing patterns and genome instability. Therefore, ...Abnormally fast transcription elongation can lead to detrimental consequences such as transcription-replication collisions, altered alternative splicing patterns and genome instability. Therefore, elongating RNA polymerase II (Pol II) requires mechanisms to slow its progression, yet the molecular basis of transcription braking remains unclear. RECQL5 is a DNA helicase that functions as a general elongation factor by slowing down Pol II. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of human RECQL5 bound to multiple transcription elongation complexes. Combined with biochemical analysis, we identify an α-helix of RECQL5 responsible for binding Pol II and slowdown of transcription elongation. We further reveal that the transcription-coupled DNA repair (TCR) complex allows Pol II to overcome RECQL5-induced transcription braking through concerted actions of its translocase activity and competition with RECQL5 for engaging Pol II. Additionally, RECQL5 inhibits TCR-mediated Pol II ubiquitination to prevent activation of the DNA repair pathway. Our results suggest a model in which RECQL5 and the TCR complex coordinately regulate transcription elongation rates to ensure transcription efficiency while maintaining genome stability.
External linksNat Struct Mol Biol / PubMed:40624163 / PubMed Central
MethodsEM (single particle)
Resolution2.0 - 3.5 Å
Structure data

52440

9hvo

EMDB-52440, PDB-9hvo:
Structure of the transcribing Pol II-RECQL5 complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.8 Å

EMDB-52441: Focused refined map of SPT6-Pol II stalk in the EC-DSIF-PAF-SPT6-RECQL5 complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.5 Å

EMDB-52442: Focused refined map of PAF complex in the EC-DSIF-PAF-SPT6-RECQL5 complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.5 Å

52443

9hvq

EMDB-52443: Overall map of the EC-DSIF-PAF-SPT6-RECQL5 complex
PDB-9hvq: Structure of the transcribing Pol II-DSIF-PAF-SPT6-RECQL5 complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 2.0 Å

52449

9hwg

EMDB-52449, PDB-9hwg:
Structure of the transcribing Pol II-TCR-RECQL5 complex
Method: EM (single particle) / Resolution: 3.5 Å

Chemicals

ChemComp-ZN:
Unknown entry

ChemComp-MG:
Unknown entry

Source
  • sus scrofa domesticus (domestic pig)
  • homo sapiens (human)
  • synthetic construct (others)
KeywordsTRANSCRIPTION / transcription elongation / DNA helicase / transcription-coupled repair / RNA polymerase II

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