Platelet homeostasis / The NLRP3 inflammasome / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phagolysosome assembly / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization ...Platelet homeostasis / The NLRP3 inflammasome / positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process / regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis / positive regulation of bleb assembly / NAD transport / Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels / phagolysosome assembly / phospholipid transfer to membrane / positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization / positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway / plasma membrane organization / extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion / positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production / purinergic nucleotide receptor activity / ATP export / collagen metabolic process / pore complex assembly / positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion / negative regulation of cell volume / plasma membrane phospholipid scrambling / bleb assembly / vesicle budding from membrane / positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process / bleb / response to fluid shear stress / programmed cell death / positive regulation of ossification / cellular response to dsRNA / cell volume homeostasis / negative regulation of bone resorption / ceramide biosynthetic process / positive regulation of glutamate secretion / skeletal system morphogenesis / positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production / phospholipid translocation / response to zinc ion / sodium channel activity / protein homotrimerization / response to ATP / positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly / positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization / T cell homeostasis / membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis / response to electrical stimulus / positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol / synaptic vesicle exocytosis / membrane depolarization / T cell proliferation / monoatomic cation transport / positive regulation of bone mineralization / potassium channel activity / response to mechanical stimulus / neuronal action potential / regulation of sodium ion transport / extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway / negative regulation of MAPK cascade / release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol / reactive oxygen species metabolic process / sensory perception of pain / homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue / establishment of localization in cell / positive regulation of glycolytic process / positive regulation of protein secretion / positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production / protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity / protein catabolic process / response to bacterium / apoptotic signaling pathway / neuromuscular junction / mitochondrion organization / lipopolysaccharide binding / protein processing / response to calcium ion / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity / calcium ion transmembrane transport / cell morphogenesis / terminal bouton / cell-cell junction / calcium ion transport / nuclear envelope / channel activity / signaling receptor activity / scaffold protein binding / response to lipopolysaccharide / gene expression / positive regulation of MAPK cascade / cell surface receptor signaling pathway / postsynapse / defense response to Gram-positive bacterium / positive regulation of apoptotic process / response to xenobiotic stimulus / inflammatory response / copper ion binding / signaling receptor binding / external side of plasma membrane / neuronal cell body Similarity search - Function
National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH/NHLBI)
K99HL138129
United States
Citation
Journal: Cell / Year: 2019 Title: Full-Length P2X Structures Reveal How Palmitoylation Prevents Channel Desensitization. Authors: Alanna E McCarthy / Craig Yoshioka / Steven E Mansoor / Abstract: P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and ...P2X receptors are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP. The P2X receptor subtype is a pharmacological target because of involvement in apoptotic, inflammatory, and tumor progression pathways. It is the most structurally and functionally distinct P2X subtype, containing a unique cytoplasmic domain critical for the receptor to initiate apoptosis and not undergo desensitization. However, lack of structural information about the cytoplasmic domain has hindered understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. We report cryoelectron microscopy structures of full-length rat P2X receptor in apo and ATP-bound states. These structures reveal how one cytoplasmic element, the C-cys anchor, prevents desensitization by anchoring the pore-lining helix to the membrane with palmitoyl groups. They show a second cytoplasmic element with a unique fold, the cytoplasmic ballast, which unexpectedly contains a zinc ion complex and a guanosine nucleotide binding site. Our structures provide first insights into the architecture and function of a P2X receptor cytoplasmic domain.
History
Deposition
Sep 9, 2019
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Header (metadata) release
Sep 18, 2019
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Map release
Oct 23, 2019
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Update
Dec 25, 2024
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Current status
Dec 25, 2024
Processing site: RCSB / Status: Released
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Structure visualization
Movie
Surface view with section colored by density value
Map for the apo- (closed) state of rat P2X7 receptor from a focused refinement using a mask that includes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic domain but excludes the extracellular domain.
Map for the apo- (closed) state of rat P2X7 receptor from a focused refinement using a mask that includes the extracellular domain but excludes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic domain
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