6PCR

E. coli 50S ribosome bound to compound 40o

Summary for 6PCR

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb6pcr/pdb
• EMDB information: 20305
• Descriptor: 23S ribosomal RNA, 5S ribosomal RNA, 50S ribosomal protein L2, ... (8 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: e. coli ribosome, streptogramin a analog, antibiotics, ribosome
• Biological source: Escherichia coli; More
• Total number of polymer chains: 7
• Total formula weight: 1085837.36

Authors

Pellegrino, J.,Lee, D.J.,Fraser, J.S.,Seiple, I.B. (deposition date: 2019-06-18, release date: 2020-06-17, Last modification date: 2020-10-07)

Primary citation

Li, Q.,Pellegrino, J.,Lee, D.J.,Tran, A.A.,Chaires, H.A.,Wang, R.,Park, J.E.,Ji, K.,Chow, D.,Zhang, N.,Brilot, A.F.,Biel, J.T.,van Zundert, G.,Borrelli, K.,Shinabarger, D.,Wolfe, C.,Murray, B.,Jacobson, M.P.,Muhle, E.,Chesneau, O.,Fraser, J.S.,Seiple, I.B.
Synthetic group A streptogramin antibiotics that overcome Vat resistance.
Nature, 586:145-150, 2020

PubMed Abstract: Natural products serve as chemical blueprints for most antibiotics in clinical use. The evolutionary process by which these molecules arise is inherently accompanied by the co-evolution of resistance mechanisms that shorten the clinical lifetime of any given class of antibiotics. Virginiamycin acetyltransferase (Vat) enzymes are resistance proteins that provide protection against streptogramins, potent antibiotics against Gram-positive bacteria that inhibit the bacterial ribosome. Owing to the challenge of selectively modifying the chemically complex, 23-membered macrocyclic scaffold of group A streptogramins, analogues that overcome the resistance conferred by Vat enzymes have not been previously developed. Here we report the design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of group A streptogramin antibiotics with extensive structural variability. Using cryo-electron microscopy and forcefield-based refinement, we characterize the binding of eight analogues to the bacterial ribosome at high resolution, revealing binding interactions that extend into the peptidyl tRNA-binding site and towards synergistic binders that occupy the nascent peptide exit tunnel. One of these analogues has excellent activity against several streptogramin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, exhibits decreased rates of acetylation in vitro, and is effective at lowering bacterial load in a mouse model of infection. Our results demonstrate that the combination of rational design and modular chemical synthesis can revitalize classes of antibiotics that are limited by naturally arising resistance mechanisms.

PubMed: 32968273
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2761-3

Experimental method

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (2.5 Å)