6GAQ

Crystal structure of oxidised Flavodoxin 2 from Bacillus cereus

Summary for 6GAQ

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb6gaq/pdb
• Descriptor: Flavodoxin, FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE, CALCIUM ION, ... (6 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: flavodoxin, electron transfer, fmn, electron transport
• Biological source: Bacillus cereus (strain ATCC 14579 / DSM 31 / JCM 2152 / NBRC 15305 / NCIMB 9373 / NRRL B-3711)
• Total number of polymer chains: 2
• Total formula weight: 35174.79

Authors

Lofstad, M.,Gudim, I.,Hersleth, H.-P. (deposition date: 2018-04-12, release date: 2018-09-05, Last modification date: 2024-01-17)

Primary citation

Gudim, I.,Hammerstad, M.,Lofstad, M.,Hersleth, H.P.
The Characterization of Different Flavodoxin Reductase-Flavodoxin (FNR-Fld) Interactions Reveals an Efficient FNR-Fld Redox Pair and Identifies a Novel FNR Subclass.
Biochemistry, 57:5427-5436, 2018

PubMed Abstract: Flavodoxins (Flds) are small, bacterial proteins that transfer electrons to various redox enzymes. Flavodoxins are reduced by ferredoxin/flavodoxin NADP oxidoreductases (FNRs), but little is known of the FNR-Fld interaction. Here, we compare the interactions of two flavodoxins (Fld1-2), one flavodoxin-like protein (NrdI), and three different thioredoxin reductase (TrxR)-like FNRs (FNR1-3), all from Bacillus cereus. Steady-state kinetics shows that the FNR2-Fld2 electron transfer pair is particularly efficient, and redox potential measurements also indicate that this is the most favorable electron donor/acceptor pair. Furthermore, crystal structures of FNR1 and FNR2 show that the proteins have crystallized in different conformations, a closed and an open conformation, respectively. We suggest that a large-scale conformational rearrangement takes place during the FNR catalytic cycle to allow for the binding and reduction of the Fld and, subsequently, the re-reduction of the FNR by NADPH. Finally, inspection of the residues surrounding the FAD cofactor in the FNR active site shows that a key isoalloxazine ring-stacking residue is different in FNR1 and FNR2, which could explain the large difference in catalytic efficiency between the two FNRs. To date, all of the characterized TrxR-like FNRs have a residue with aromatic character stacking against the FAD isoalloxazine ring, and this has been thought to be a conserved feature of this class of FNRs. FNR1, however, has a valine in this position. Bioinformatic analysis shows that the TrxR-like FNRs can actually be divided into two groups, one group where the FAD-stacking residue has aromatic character and another group where it is valine.

PubMed: 30142264
DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00674

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2.5 Å)