6DHL

Bovine glutamate dehydrogenase complexed with epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG)

Replaces:  3QMUReplaces:  3MVQ

Summary for 6DHL

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb6dhl/pdb
• Descriptor: Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial, (2R,3S)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-yl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (2 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: ecg, glutamate, dehydrogenase, inhibition, oxidoreductase
• Biological source: Bos taurus (Bovine)
• Total number of polymer chains: 12
• Total formula weight: 666840.24

Authors

Smith, T.J. (deposition date: 2018-05-20, release date: 2018-07-25, Last modification date: 2024-10-30)

Primary citation

Li, C.,Li, M.,Chen, P.,Narayan, S.,Matschinsky, F.M.,Bennett, M.J.,Stanley, C.A.,Smith, T.J.
Green tea polyphenols control dysregulated glutamate dehydrogenase in transgenic mice by hijacking the ADP activation site.
J. Biol. Chem., 286:34164-34174, 2011

PubMed Abstract: Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of L-glutamate and, in animals, is extensively regulated by a number of metabolites. Gain of function mutations in GDH that abrogate GTP inhibition cause the hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia syndrome (HHS), resulting in increased pancreatic β-cell responsiveness to leucine and susceptibility to hypoglycemia following high protein meals. We have previously shown that two of the polyphenols from green tea (epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG)) inhibit GDH in vitro and that EGCG blocks GDH-mediated insulin secretion in wild type rat islets. Using structural and site-directed mutagenesis studies, we demonstrate that ECG binds to the same site as the allosteric regulator, ADP. Perifusion assays using pancreatic islets from transgenic mice expressing a human HHS form of GDH demonstrate that the hyperresponse to glutamine caused by dysregulated GDH is blocked by the addition of EGCG. As observed in HHS patients, these transgenic mice are hypersensitive to amino acid feeding, and this is abrogated by oral administration of EGCG prior to challenge. Finally, the low basal blood glucose level in the HHS mouse model is improved upon chronic administration of EGCG. These results suggest that this common natural product or some derivative thereof may prove useful in controlling this genetic disorder. Of broader clinical implication is that other groups have shown that restriction of glutamine catabolism via these GDH inhibitors can be useful in treating various tumors. This HHS transgenic mouse model offers a highly useful means to test these agents in vivo.

PubMed: 21813650
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M111.268599

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (3.624 Å)