5XOC

Crystal structure of human Smad3-FoxH1 complex

Summary for 5XOC

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb5xoc/pdb
• Descriptor: Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3, Thioredoxin 1,Forkhead box protein H1 (3 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: transcription factor, complex, transcription
• Biological source: Homo sapiens (Human); More
• Cellular location: Cytoplasm : P84022; Nucleus: O75593
• Total number of polymer chains: 2
• Total formula weight: 37901.11

Authors

Miyazono, K.,Ito, T.,Tanokura, M. (deposition date: 2017-05-27, release date: 2018-03-28, Last modification date: 2024-10-16)

Primary citation

Miyazono, K.I.,Moriwaki, S.,Ito, T.,Kurisaki, A.,Asashima, M.,Tanokura, M.
Hydrophobic patches on SMAD2 and SMAD3 determine selective binding to cofactors
Sci Signal, 11:-, 2018

PubMed Abstract: The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of cytokines regulates various biological processes, including cell proliferation, immune responses, autophagy, and senescence. Dysregulation of TGF-β signaling causes various diseases, such as cancer and fibrosis. SMAD2 and SMAD3 are core transcription factors involved in TGF-β signaling, and they form heterotrimeric complexes with SMAD4 (SMAD2-SMAD2-SMAD4, SMAD3-SMAD3-SMAD4, and SMAD2-SMAD3-SMAD4) in response to TGF-β signaling. These heterotrimeric complexes interact with cofactors to control the expression of TGF-β-dependent genes. SMAD2 and SMAD3 may promote or repress target genes depending on whether they form complexes with other transcription factors, coactivators, or corepressors; therefore, the selection of specific cofactors is critical for the appropriate activity of these transcription factors. To reveal the structural basis by which SMAD2 and SMAD3 select cofactors, we determined the crystal structures of SMAD3 in complex with the transcription factor FOXH1 and SMAD2 in complex with the transcriptional corepressor SKI. The structures of the complexes show that the MAD homology 2 (MH2) domains of SMAD2 and SMAD3 have multiple hydrophobic patches on their surfaces. The cofactors tether to various subsets of these patches to interact with SMAD2 and SMAD3 in a cooperative or competitive manner to control the output of TGF-β signaling.

PubMed: 29588413
DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aao7227

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2.4 Å)