3SS5

Crystal structure of mouse Glutaminase C, L-glutamate-bound form

3SS5 の概要

• エントリーDOI: 10.2210/pdb3ss5/pdb
• 関連するPDBエントリー: 3SS3 3SS4
• 分子名称: Glutaminase C, GLUTAMIC ACID (3 entities in total)
• 機能のキーワード: glutaminase, l-glutamine, mitochondria, catalysis product, hydrolase
• 由来する生物種: Mus musculus (mouse)
• タンパク質・核酸の鎖数: 4
• 化学式量合計: 213896.36

構造登録者

Ambrosio, A.L.B.,Dias, S.M.G.,Cerione, R.A. (登録日: 2011-07-07, 公開日: 2012-01-11, 最終更新日: 2023-09-13)

主引用文献

Cassago, A.,Ferreira, A.P.,Ferreira, I.M.,Fornezari, C.,Gomes, E.R.,Greene, K.S.,Pereira, H.M.,Garratt, R.C.,Dias, S.M.,Ambrosio, A.L.
Mitochondrial localization and structure-based phosphate activation mechanism of Glutaminase C with implications for cancer metabolism.
Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA, 109:1092-1097, 2012

PubMed Abstract: Glutamine is an essential nutrient for cancer cell proliferation, especially in the context of citric acid cycle anaplerosis. In this manuscript we present results that collectively demonstrate that, of the three major mammalian glutaminases identified to date, the lesser studied splice variant of the gene gls, known as Glutaminase C (GAC), is important for tumor metabolism. We show that, although levels of both the kidney-type isoforms are elevated in tumor vs. normal tissues, GAC is distinctly mitochondrial. GAC is also most responsive to the activator inorganic phosphate, the content of which is supposedly higher in mitochondria subject to hypoxia. Analysis of X-ray crystal structures of GAC in different bound states suggests a mechanism that introduces the tetramerization-induced lifting of a "gating loop" as essential for the phosphate-dependent activation process. Surprisingly, phosphate binds inside the catalytic pocket rather than at the oligomerization interface. Phosphate also mediates substrate entry by competing with glutamate. A greater tendency to oligomerize differentiates GAC from its alternatively spliced isoform and the cycling of phosphate in and out of the active site distinguishes it from the liver-type isozyme, which is known to be less dependent on this ion.

PubMed: 22228304
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1112495109

実験手法

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (2.8 Å)