352D

THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A PARALLEL-STRANDED PARALLEL-STRANDED GUANINE TETRAPLEX AT 0.95 ANGSTROM RESOLUTION

Summary for 352D

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb352d/pdb
• Descriptor: DNA (5'-D(*TP*GP*GP*GP*GP*T)-3'), SODIUM ION, CALCIUM ION, ... (4 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: u-dna, quadruple helix, parallel-stranded, dna
• Total number of polymer chains: 16
• Total formula weight: 30766.58

Authors

Phillips, K.,Dauter, Z.,Murchie, A.I.H.,Lilley, D.M.J.,Luisi, B. (deposition date: 1997-09-04, release date: 1997-11-10, Last modification date: 2023-08-02)

Primary citation

Phillips, K.,Dauter, Z.,Murchie, A.I.,Lilley, D.M.,Luisi, B.
The crystal structure of a parallel-stranded guanine tetraplex at 0.95 A resolution.
J.Mol.Biol., 273:171-182, 1997

PubMed Abstract: In both DNA and RNA, stretches of guanine bases can form stable four-stranded helices in the presence of sodium or potassium ions. Sequences with a propensity to form guanine tetraplexes have been found in chromosomal telomers, immunoglobulin switch regions, and recombination sites. We report the crystal structure at 0.95 A resolution of a parallel-stranded tetraplex formed by the hexanucleotide d(TG4T) in the presence of sodium ions. The four strands form a right-handed helix that is stabilized by hydrogen-bonding tetrads of co-planar guanine bases. Well-resolved sodium ions are found between and, at defined points, within tetrad planes and are coordinated with the guanine O6 groups. Nine calcium ions have been identified, each with a well-defined hepta-coordinate hydration shell. Hydrogen-bonding water patterns are observed within the tetraplex's helical grooves and clustered about the phosphate groups. Water molecules in the groove may form a hydrogen bond with the O4', and may affect the stacking behavior of guanine. Two distinct stacking arrangements are noted for the guanine tetrads. The thymine bases do not contribute to the four-stranded conformation, but instead stack to stabilize the crystal lattice. We present evidence that the sugar conformation is strained and propose that this originates from forces that optimize guanine base stacking. Discrete conformational disorder is observed at several places in the phosphodiester backbone, which results from a simple crankshaft rotation that requires no net change in the sugar conformation.

PubMed: 9367755
DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1292

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (0.95 Å)