1ZD6

Crystal structure of human transthyretin with bound chloride

Summary for 1ZD6

• Entry DOI: 10.2210/pdb1zd6/pdb
• Related: 1ZCR 1f41
• Descriptor: Transthyretin, CHLORIDE ION (3 entities in total)
• Functional Keywords: transport, transport protein
• Biological source: Homo sapiens (human)
• Cellular location: Secreted: P02766
• Total number of polymer chains: 2
• Total formula weight: 28029.83

Authors

Hornberg, A.,Hultdin, U.W.,Olofsson, A.,Sauer-Eriksson, A.E. (deposition date: 2005-04-14, release date: 2005-07-12, Last modification date: 2024-03-13)

Primary citation

Hornberg, A.,Hultdin, U.W.,Olofsson, A.,Sauer-Eriksson, A.E.
The effect of iodide and chloride on transthyretin structure and stability
Biochemistry, 44:9290-9299, 2005

PubMed Abstract: Transthyretin amyloid formation occurs through a process of tetramer destabilization and partial unfolding. Small molecules, including the natural ligand thyroxine, stabilize the tetrameric form of the protein, and serve as inhibitors of amyloid formation. Crucial for TTR's ligand-binding properties are its three halogen-binding sites situated at the hormone-binding channel. In this study, we have performed a structural characterization of the binding of two halides, iodide and chloride, to TTR. Chlorides are known to shield charge repulsions at the tetrameric interface of TTR, which improve tetramer stability of the protein. Our study shows that iodides, like chlorides, provide tetramer stabilization in a concentration-dependent manner and at concentrations approximately 15-fold below that of chlorides. To elucidate binding sites of the halides, we took advantage of the anomalous scattering of iodide and used the single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD) method to solve the iodide-bound TTR structure at 1.8 A resolution. The structure of chloride-bound TTR was determined at 1.9 A resolution using difference Fourier techniques. The refined structures showed iodides and chlorides bound at two of the three halogen-binding sites located at the hydrophobic channel. These sites therefore also function as halide-binding sites.

PubMed: 15981995
DOI: 10.1021/bi050249z

Experimental method

X-RAY DIFFRACTION (1.9 Å)