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- PDB-9q96: Cryo-EM Structure of Bacterial RNA polymerase-sigma54 transcripti... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9q96
TitleCryo-EM Structure of Bacterial RNA polymerase-sigma54 transcription open complex with wild type sigma54, from RPi(-10-1)
Components
  • (DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit ...) x 4
  • (NIFH PROMOTER ...) x 2
  • RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor
KeywordsTRANSCRIPTION / TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION / DNA OPENING / TRANSCRIPTION BUBBLE / COMPLEX
Function / homology
Function and homology information


DNA-binding transcription activator activity / RNA polymerase complex / submerged biofilm formation / cellular response to cell envelope stress / regulation of DNA-templated transcription initiation / sigma factor activity / bacterial-type flagellum assembly / bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding / cytosolic DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility ...DNA-binding transcription activator activity / RNA polymerase complex / submerged biofilm formation / cellular response to cell envelope stress / regulation of DNA-templated transcription initiation / sigma factor activity / bacterial-type flagellum assembly / bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding / cytosolic DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility / nitrate assimilation / nucleotidyltransferase activity / DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / regulation of DNA-templated transcription elongation / transcription elongation factor complex / transcription antitermination / cell motility / DNA-templated transcription initiation / protein-DNA complex / ribonucleoside binding / DNA-directed RNA polymerase / DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity / response to heat / protein-containing complex assembly / intracellular iron ion homeostasis / transcription cis-regulatory region binding / protein dimerization activity / response to antibiotic / magnesium ion binding / DNA binding / zinc ion binding / membrane / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
Sigma-54 factors family signature 1. / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54, core-binding domain / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54, DNA-binding / RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor, core-binding domain superfamily / Sigma-54 factor, Activator interacting domain (AID) / Sigma-54, DNA binding domain / Sigma-54 factor, core binding domain / Sigma-54 factors family signature 2. / Sigma-54 factors family profile. / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54 ...Sigma-54 factors family signature 1. / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54, core-binding domain / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54, DNA-binding / RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor, core-binding domain superfamily / Sigma-54 factor, Activator interacting domain (AID) / Sigma-54, DNA binding domain / Sigma-54 factor, core binding domain / Sigma-54 factors family signature 2. / Sigma-54 factors family profile. / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, omega subunit / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit beta-prime, bacterial type / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, beta subunit, external 1 domain superfamily / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, beta subunit, external 1 domain / RNA polymerase beta subunit external 1 domain / RNA polymerase, alpha subunit, C-terminal / Bacterial RNA polymerase, alpha chain C terminal domain / DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunit, bacterial-type / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, alpha subunit / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit beta-prime / RNA polymerase Rpb6 / RNA polymerase, subunit omega/Rpo6/RPB6 / RNA polymerase Rpb6 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 2 superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 superfamily / RPB6/omega subunit-like superfamily / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, insert domain / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, RpoA/D/Rpb3-type / RNA polymerase Rpb3/RpoA insert domain / RNA polymerase Rpb3/Rpb11 dimerisation domain / RNA polymerases D / RNA polymerase Rpb1, clamp domain superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 1 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 1 / RNA polymerase, beta subunit, protrusion / RNA polymerase beta subunit / RNA polymerase, alpha subunit / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 5 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 4 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 2 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 5 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 4 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, insert domain superfamily / RNA polymerase, N-terminal / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 2 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, funnel domain superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 2 / RNA polymerase I subunit A N-terminus / RNA polymerase, RBP11-like subunit / RNA polymerase, beta subunit, conserved site / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 7 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 3 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, OB-fold / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 7 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 3 / RNA polymerases beta chain signature. / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit 2, hybrid-binding domain / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit 2 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit 2, hybrid-binding domain superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 6
Similarity search - Domain/homology
DNA / DNA (> 10) / RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesEscherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
Klebsiella pneumoniae (bacteria)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 4.6 Å
AuthorsGao, F. / Zhang, X.
Funding support United Kingdom, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) United Kingdom
CitationJournal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / Year: 2025
Title: Subunit specialization in AAA+ proteins and substrate unfolding during transcription complex remodeling.
Authors: Forson Gao / Fuzhou Ye / Martin Buck / Xiaodong Zhang /
Abstract: Bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) is a multisubunit enzyme that copies DNA into RNA in a process known as transcription. Bacteria use σ factors to recruit RNAP to promoter regions of genes that need ...Bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) is a multisubunit enzyme that copies DNA into RNA in a process known as transcription. Bacteria use σ factors to recruit RNAP to promoter regions of genes that need to be transcribed, with 60% bacteria containing at least one specialized σ factor, σ. σ recruits RNAP to promoters of genes associated with stress responses and forms a stable closed complex that does not spontaneously isomerize to the open state where promoter DNA is melted out and competent for transcription. The σ-mediated open complex formation requires specific AAA+ proteins (TPases ssociated with diverse cellular ctivities) known as bacterial enhancer-binding proteins (bEBPs). We have now obtained structures of new intermediate states of bEBP-bound complexes during transcription initiation, which elucidate the mechanism of DNA melting driven by ATPase activity of bEBPs and suggest a mechanistic model that couples the Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis cycle within the bEBP hexamer with σ unfolding. Our data reveal that bEBP forms a nonplanar hexamer with the hydrolysis-ready subunit located at the furthest/highest point of the spiral hexamer relative to the RNAP. ATP hydrolysis induces conformational changes in bEBP that drives a vectoral transiting of the regulatory N terminus of σ into the bEBP hexamer central pore causing the partial unfolding of σ, while forming specific bEBP contacts with promoter DNA. Furthermore, our data suggest a mechanism of the bEBP AAA+ protein that is distinct from the hand-over-hand mechanism proposed for many other AAA+ proteins, highlighting the versatile mechanisms utilized by the large protein family.
History
DepositionFeb 26, 2025Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Mar 12, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 12, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 12, 2025Data content type: FSC / Data content type: FSC / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 12, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 1 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 12, 2025Data content type: Half map / Part number: 2 / Data content type: Half map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 12, 2025Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 12, 2025Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1May 7, 2025Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev ..._citation.country / _citation.journal_abbrev / _citation.journal_id_ASTM / _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.journal_id_ISSN / _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation.year / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha
B: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha
C: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta
D: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'
E: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega
M: RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor
N: NIFH PROMOTER NON-TEMPLATE DNA
T: NIFH PROMOTER TEMPLATE DNA


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)474,0928
Polymers474,0928
Non-polymers00
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_555x,y,z1
Buried area42390 Å2
ΔGint-236 kcal/mol
Surface area173130 Å2
MethodPISA

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Components

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DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit ... , 4 types, 5 molecules ABCDE

#1: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha / RNAP subunit alpha / RNA polymerase subunit alpha / Transcriptase subunit alpha


Mass: 36558.680 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / Gene: rpoA, pez, phs, sez, b3295, JW3257
Production host: Escherichia coli 'BL21-Gold(DE3)pLysS AG' (bacteria)
References: UniProt: P0A7Z4, DNA-directed RNA polymerase
#2: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta / RNAP subunit beta / RNA polymerase subunit beta / Transcriptase subunit beta


Mass: 150820.875 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
Gene: rpoB, groN, nitB, rif, ron, stl, stv, tabD, b3987, JW3950
Production host: Escherichia coli 'BL21-Gold(DE3)pLysS AG' (bacteria)
References: UniProt: P0A8V2, DNA-directed RNA polymerase
#3: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' / RNAP subunit beta' / RNA polymerase subunit beta' / Transcriptase subunit beta'


Mass: 155366.781 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / Gene: rpoC, tabB, b3988, JW3951
Production host: Escherichia coli 'BL21-Gold(DE3)pLysS AG' (bacteria)
References: UniProt: P0A8T7, DNA-directed RNA polymerase
#4: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega / RNAP omega subunit / RNA polymerase omega subunit / Transcriptase subunit omega


Mass: 10249.547 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / Gene: rpoZ, b3649, JW3624
Production host: Escherichia coli 'BL21-Gold(DE3)pLysS AG' (bacteria)
References: UniProt: P0A800, DNA-directed RNA polymerase

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Protein , 1 types, 1 molecules M

#5: Protein RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor


Mass: 56150.016 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Mutation: YES
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Klebsiella pneumoniae (bacteria) / Gene: NCTC13443_06667 / Production host: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / References: UniProt: A0A377VEN9

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NIFH PROMOTER ... , 2 types, 2 molecules NT

#6: DNA chain NIFH PROMOTER NON-TEMPLATE DNA


Mass: 14215.084 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) Klebsiella pneumoniae (bacteria)
#7: DNA chain NIFH PROMOTER TEMPLATE DNA


Mass: 14172.081 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) Klebsiella pneumoniae (bacteria)

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Details

Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Bacterial RNA polymerase-sigma54 transcription open complex with wild type sigma54
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: all / Source: RECOMBINANT
Source (natural)Organism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 3000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 40 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

Image processing
IDImage recording-ID
11
21
CTF correction
IDEM image processing-IDType
11PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
22PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstruction

Entry-ID: 9Q96 / Resolution: 4.6 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Symmetry type: POINT

IDNum. of particlesImage processing-IDAlgorithm
1202331BACK PROJECTION
2202331BACK PROJECTION
3796782
4202332BACK PROJECTION
Atomic model buildingProtocol: RIGID BODY FIT / Space: REAL
RefinementHighest resolution: 4.6 Å

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