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- PDB-9q95: CryoEM structure of bacterial transcription intermediate complex ... -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9q95
TitleCryoEM structure of bacterial transcription intermediate complex mediated by activator PspF containing nifH promoter DNA containing mismatch from -10 to -1
Components
  • (DNA (32-MER)) x 2
  • (DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit ...) x 4
  • Psp operon transcriptional activator
  • RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor
KeywordsTRANSCRIPTION / sigma factor / complex / AAA+ / DNA-binding protein
Function / homology
Function and homology information


regulation of cellular response to stress / DNA-binding transcription activator activity / RNA polymerase complex / submerged biofilm formation / cellular response to cell envelope stress / phosphorelay signal transduction system / regulation of DNA-templated transcription initiation / sigma factor activity / bacterial-type flagellum assembly / bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding ...regulation of cellular response to stress / DNA-binding transcription activator activity / RNA polymerase complex / submerged biofilm formation / cellular response to cell envelope stress / phosphorelay signal transduction system / regulation of DNA-templated transcription initiation / sigma factor activity / bacterial-type flagellum assembly / bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding / cytosolic DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility / nitrate assimilation / cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding / nucleotidyltransferase activity / DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex / regulation of DNA-templated transcription elongation / transcription elongation factor complex / transcription antitermination / cell motility / DNA-templated transcription initiation / protein-DNA complex / ribonucleoside binding / DNA-directed RNA polymerase / DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity / response to heat / protein-containing complex assembly / transcription regulator complex / sequence-specific DNA binding / intracellular iron ion homeostasis / protein dimerization activity / response to antibiotic / negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription / regulation of DNA-templated transcription / positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription / magnesium ion binding / ATP hydrolysis activity / DNA binding / zinc ion binding / ATP binding / identical protein binding / membrane / cytoplasm / cytosol
Similarity search - Function
Transcription activator PspF / Sigma-54 factors family signature 1. / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54, core-binding domain / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54, DNA-binding / RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor, core-binding domain superfamily / Sigma-54 factor, Activator interacting domain (AID) / Sigma-54, DNA binding domain / Sigma-54 factor, core binding domain / Sigma-54 factors family signature 2. / Sigma-54 factors family profile. ...Transcription activator PspF / Sigma-54 factors family signature 1. / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54, core-binding domain / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54, DNA-binding / RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor, core-binding domain superfamily / Sigma-54 factor, Activator interacting domain (AID) / Sigma-54, DNA binding domain / Sigma-54 factor, core binding domain / Sigma-54 factors family signature 2. / Sigma-54 factors family profile. / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54 / Sigma-54 interaction domain, conserved site / Sigma-54 interaction domain C-terminal part signature. / Sigma-54 interaction domain, ATP-binding site 2 / Sigma-54 interaction domain ATP-binding region B signature. / Sigma-54 interaction domain profile. / Sigma-54 interaction domain / RNA polymerase sigma factor 54 interaction domain / DNA binding HTH domain, Fis-type / Bacterial regulatory protein, Fis family / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, omega subunit / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit beta-prime, bacterial type / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, beta subunit, external 1 domain superfamily / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, beta subunit, external 1 domain / RNA polymerase beta subunit external 1 domain / RNA polymerase, alpha subunit, C-terminal / Bacterial RNA polymerase, alpha chain C terminal domain / DNA-directed RNA polymerase beta subunit, bacterial-type / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, alpha subunit / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit beta-prime / RNA polymerase Rpb6 / Homeobox-like domain superfamily / RNA polymerase, subunit omega/Rpo6/RPB6 / RNA polymerase Rpb6 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 2 superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 superfamily / RPB6/omega subunit-like superfamily / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, insert domain / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, RpoA/D/Rpb3-type / RNA polymerase Rpb3/RpoA insert domain / RNA polymerase Rpb3/Rpb11 dimerisation domain / RNA polymerases D / RNA polymerase Rpb1, clamp domain superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 1 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 1 / RNA polymerase, beta subunit, protrusion / RNA polymerase beta subunit / RNA polymerase, alpha subunit / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 5 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 4 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 2 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 5 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 4 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, insert domain superfamily / RNA polymerase, N-terminal / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 2 / RNA polymerase Rpb1, funnel domain superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 2 / RNA polymerase I subunit A N-terminus / RNA polymerase, RBP11-like subunit / RNA polymerase, beta subunit, conserved site / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 7 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 3 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, OB-fold / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 7 / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 3 / RNA polymerases beta chain signature. / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit 2, hybrid-binding domain / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit 2 / DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit 2, hybrid-binding domain superfamily / RNA polymerase Rpb2, domain 6 / ATPases associated with a variety of cellular activities / AAA+ ATPase domain / P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase
Similarity search - Domain/homology
ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE / ALUMINUM FLUORIDE / DNA / DNA (> 10) / RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' / DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta / Psp operon transcriptional activator
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesEscherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
Klebsiella pneumoniae (bacteria)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 6.8 Å
AuthorsGao, F. / Zhang, X.
Funding support United Kingdom, 1items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) United Kingdom
CitationJournal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A / Year: 2025
Title: Subunit specialization in AAA+ proteins and substrate unfolding during transcription complex remodeling.
Authors: Forson Gao / Fuzhou Ye / Martin Buck / Xiaodong Zhang /
Abstract: Bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) is a multisubunit enzyme that copies DNA into RNA in a process known as transcription. Bacteria use σ factors to recruit RNAP to promoter regions of genes that need ...Bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) is a multisubunit enzyme that copies DNA into RNA in a process known as transcription. Bacteria use σ factors to recruit RNAP to promoter regions of genes that need to be transcribed, with 60% bacteria containing at least one specialized σ factor, σ. σ recruits RNAP to promoters of genes associated with stress responses and forms a stable closed complex that does not spontaneously isomerize to the open state where promoter DNA is melted out and competent for transcription. The σ-mediated open complex formation requires specific AAA+ proteins (TPases ssociated with diverse cellular ctivities) known as bacterial enhancer-binding proteins (bEBPs). We have now obtained structures of new intermediate states of bEBP-bound complexes during transcription initiation, which elucidate the mechanism of DNA melting driven by ATPase activity of bEBPs and suggest a mechanistic model that couples the Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis cycle within the bEBP hexamer with σ unfolding. Our data reveal that bEBP forms a nonplanar hexamer with the hydrolysis-ready subunit located at the furthest/highest point of the spiral hexamer relative to the RNAP. ATP hydrolysis induces conformational changes in bEBP that drives a vectoral transiting of the regulatory N terminus of σ into the bEBP hexamer central pore causing the partial unfolding of σ, while forming specific bEBP contacts with promoter DNA. Furthermore, our data suggest a mechanism of the bEBP AAA+ protein that is distinct from the hand-over-hand mechanism proposed for many other AAA+ proteins, highlighting the versatile mechanisms utilized by the large protein family.
History
DepositionFeb 26, 2025Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Mar 26, 2025Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 26, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 26, 2025Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Mar 26, 2025Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1May 7, 2025Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
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Revision 1.2Jul 2, 2025Group: Data collection / Category: em_admin / em_software / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name
Revision 1.1Jul 2, 2025Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Group: Data processing / Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: em_admin / em_software / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Item: _em_admin.last_update / _em_software.name

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
3: Psp operon transcriptional activator
2: Psp operon transcriptional activator
1: Psp operon transcriptional activator
6: Psp operon transcriptional activator
4: Psp operon transcriptional activator
5: Psp operon transcriptional activator
M: RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor
N: DNA (32-MER)
T: DNA (32-MER)
A: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha
B: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha
C: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta
D: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'
E: DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)649,04329
Polymers646,36514
Non-polymers2,67715
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Protein , 2 types, 7 molecules 321645M

#1: Protein
Psp operon transcriptional activator / Phage shock protein F


Mass: 31016.430 Da / Num. of mol.: 6
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / Gene: pspF, ycjB, b1303, JW1296 / Production host: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P37344
#2: Protein RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor


Mass: 53978.656 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Klebsiella pneumoniae (bacteria) / Gene: rpoN, KPN_03612 / Production host: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / References: UniProt: A6TEM1

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DNA chain , 2 types, 2 molecules NT

#3: DNA chain DNA (32-MER)


Mass: 9826.328 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
#4: DNA chain DNA (32-MER)


Mass: 9858.328 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Source: (synth.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)

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DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit ... , 4 types, 5 molecules ABCDE

#5: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha / RNAP subunit alpha / RNA polymerase subunit alpha / Transcriptase subunit alpha


Mass: 36558.680 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / Gene: rpoA, pez, phs, sez, b3295, JW3257 / Production host: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0A7Z4, DNA-directed RNA polymerase
#6: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta / RNAP subunit beta / RNA polymerase subunit beta / Transcriptase subunit beta


Mass: 150820.875 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
Gene: rpoB, groN, nitB, rif, ron, stl, stv, tabD, b3987, JW3950
Production host: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0A8V2, DNA-directed RNA polymerase
#7: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' / RNAP subunit beta' / RNA polymerase subunit beta' / Transcriptase subunit beta'


Mass: 152415.719 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / Gene: rpoC, tabB, b3988, JW3951 / Production host: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0A8T7, DNA-directed RNA polymerase
#8: Protein DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega / RNAP omega subunit / RNA polymerase omega subunit / Transcriptase subunit omega


Mass: 10249.547 Da / Num. of mol.: 1
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / Gene: rpoZ, b3649, JW3624 / Production host: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria) / References: UniProt: P0A800, DNA-directed RNA polymerase

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Non-polymers , 3 types, 15 molecules

#9: Chemical
ChemComp-ADP / ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE


Mass: 427.201 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C10H15N5O10P2 / Comment: ADP, energy-carrying molecule*YM
#10: Chemical
ChemComp-AF3 / ALUMINUM FLUORIDE


Mass: 83.977 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: AlF3
#11: Chemical
ChemComp-MG / MAGNESIUM ION


Mass: 24.305 Da / Num. of mol.: 5 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Mg

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Details

Has ligand of interestN
Has protein modificationN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Subtracted refinement map of conformation 1 of PspF(1-275)-sigma54 bound to nifH DNA (-28 to +35) containing mismatch from -11 to -8.
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#8 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightExperimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Escherichia coli K-12 (bacteria)
Buffer solutionpH: 8
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 3000 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm
Image recordingElectron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
3D reconstructionResolution: 6.8 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 65353 / Algorithm: BACK PROJECTION
Details: Composite map, 6.8A resolution for global consensus map
Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementHighest resolution: 6.8 Å
Stereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00235396
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.53848655
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d13.9386100
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.045977
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0036331

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