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- PDB-9ovu: Composite map of GluA1/A2 in the activated state, in complex with... -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 9ovu
TitleComposite map of GluA1/A2 in the activated state, in complex with positive allosteric modulator (R,R)-2b and agonist glutamate (ATD-LBD-TMD)
Components(Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor ...) x 2
KeywordsMEMBRANE PROTEIN / GluA1A2 heterotetramer active iGluR
Function / homology
Function and homology information


Cargo concentration in the ER / cellular response to ammonium ion / axonal spine / COPII-mediated vesicle transport / positive regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior / positive regulation of membrane potential / response to sucrose / regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / cellular response to L-glutamate / myosin V binding ...Cargo concentration in the ER / cellular response to ammonium ion / axonal spine / COPII-mediated vesicle transport / positive regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior / positive regulation of membrane potential / response to sucrose / regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport / cellular response to L-glutamate / myosin V binding / neuron spine / Trafficking of AMPA receptors / proximal dendrite / response to arsenic-containing substance / cellular response to dsRNA / long-term synaptic depression / ligand-gated calcium channel activity / dendritic spine membrane / beta-2 adrenergic receptor binding / Synaptic adhesion-like molecules / cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus / spinal cord development / regulation of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance / spine synapse / dendritic spine neck / dendritic spine cytoplasm / cellular response to amine stimulus / response to phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate / dendritic spine head / response to psychosocial stress / peptide hormone receptor binding / response to morphine / Activation of AMPA receptors / ligand-gated monoatomic cation channel activity / behavioral response to pain / perisynaptic space / neuronal cell body membrane / response to lithium ion / Trafficking of GluR2-containing AMPA receptors / AMPA glutamate receptor activity / protein kinase A binding / AMPA glutamate receptor clustering / regulation of receptor recycling / neuronal action potential / kainate selective glutamate receptor activity / response to electrical stimulus / adenylate cyclase binding / AMPA glutamate receptor complex / extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity / ionotropic glutamate receptor complex / cellular response to glycine / immunoglobulin binding / asymmetric synapse / Unblocking of NMDA receptors, glutamate binding and activation / response to fungicide / G-protein alpha-subunit binding / glutamate receptor binding / positive regulation of synaptic transmission / conditioned place preference / long-term memory / regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / postsynaptic density, intracellular component / cytoskeletal protein binding / extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity / glutamate-gated receptor activity / cellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus / regulation of long-term synaptic depression / synapse assembly / glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity / somatodendritic compartment / presynaptic active zone membrane / ionotropic glutamate receptor binding / ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway / excitatory synapse / dendrite cytoplasm / ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential / dendrite membrane / cellular response to amino acid stimulus / response to cocaine / positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential / SNARE binding / synaptic membrane / neuromuscular junction / establishment of protein localization / synaptic transmission, glutamatergic / PDZ domain binding / cerebral cortex development / response to toxic substance / dendritic shaft / protein tetramerization / transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential / long-term synaptic potentiation / receptor internalization / response to nutrient levels / regulation of synaptic plasticity / recycling endosome / cellular response to growth factor stimulus / postsynaptic density membrane / Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse / modulation of chemical synaptic transmission
Similarity search - Function
Ionotropic glutamate receptor, metazoa / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site / Ligand-gated ion channel / Ionotropic glutamate receptor, L-glutamate and glycine-binding domain / Ligated ion channel L-glutamate- and glycine-binding site / : / Ionotropic glutamate receptor / Eukaryotic homologues of bacterial periplasmic substrate binding proteins. / Receptor, ligand binding region / Receptor family ligand binding region / Periplasmic binding protein-like I
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Chem-FWF / GLUTAMIC ACID / Glutamate receptor 1 / Glutamate receptor 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.2 Å
AuthorsYen, L.Y. / Sobolevsky, A.I. / Newton, T.P. / Gangwar, S.P.
Funding support United States, 9items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)U24 GM129539 United States
Simons FoundationSF349247 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)U24 GM129541 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)F31NS132554 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)NS139087 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)NS083660 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH/NINDS)NS107253 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIH/NIAMS)AR078814 United States
National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (NIH/NCI)CA206573 United States
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2026
Title: Auxiliary subunits reshape structural asymmetry and functional plasticity in heterotetrameric GluA1/A2 AMPA receptor core.
Authors: Laura Y Yen / Thomas P Newton / Maria V Yelshanskaya / Muhammed Aktolun / Shanti Pal Gangwar / Rasmus P Clausen / Maria G Kurnikova / Alexander I Sobolevsky /
Abstract: AMPA-subtype ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs) mediate the fast component of excitatory neurotransmission. They govern synaptic plasticity that underlies learning and memory, while their ...AMPA-subtype ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs) mediate the fast component of excitatory neurotransmission. They govern synaptic plasticity that underlies learning and memory, while their dysregulation is implicated in numerous neurological disorders. The functional diversity of AMPARs arises from variations in their subunit composition and also their association with auxiliary subunits. While multiple structures of homomeric AMPARs have been reported, structural information for the heteromeric core - particularly in the absence of auxiliary subunits, which would serve as a functional and structural baseline - has been limited. Here, we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of GluA1/A2, the most abundant AMPAR di-heteromer in the brain, in the closed, open, and desensitized states. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and cross-correlating structural and functional information, we find that auxiliary subunits increase the diameter of channel pore, which corresponds to larger conductance. Likewise, we find that recovery from desensitization slows with greater disruption of two-fold rotational symmetry of the ligand-binding domain dimer in the desensitized state. Both receptor activation and desensitization vary with the type and number of associated auxiliary proteins. These structures offer a foundation for uncovering how auxiliary subunits reshape structural asymmetry and functional plasticity in heterotetrameric AMPARs.
History
DepositionMay 31, 2025Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: Image / Data content type: Image / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.0Apr 8, 2026Data content type: Primary map / Data content type: Primary map / Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1May 20, 2026Group: Data collection / Database references / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID / _em_admin.last_update
Revision 1.1May 20, 2026Data content type: EM metadata / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / Group: Database references / Experimental summary / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata / Category: citation / citation_author / em_admin / Data content type: EM metadata / EM metadata / EM metadata
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID / _em_admin.last_update

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Structure visualization

Structure viewerMolecule:
MolmilJmol/JSmol

Downloads & links

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 1
B: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2
C: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 1
D: Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)383,00019
Polymers377,7084
Non-polymers5,29215
Water724
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: electron microscopy, not applicable
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

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Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor ... , 2 types, 4 molecules ACBD

#1: Protein Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 1 / GluR-1 / AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 1 / GluR-A / GluR-K1 / Glutamate receptor ionotropic / AMPA 1


Mass: 94483.922 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) / Gene: Gria1, GluA1, Glur1 / Plasmid: pEG BacMam / Cell (production host): epithelial / Cell line (production host): HEK 293S GntI- / Organ (production host): kidney / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Tissue (production host): kidney / References: UniProt: P19490
#2: Protein Isoform Flip of Glutamate receptor 2 / GluR-2 / AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2 / GluR-B / GluR-K2 / Glutamate receptor ionotropic / AMPA 2


Mass: 94369.961 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) / Gene: Gria2, GluA2, Glur2 / Plasmid: pEG BacMam / Cell (production host): epithelial / Cell line (production host): HEK 293S GntI- / Organ (production host): kidney / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / Tissue (production host): kidney / References: UniProt: P19491

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Sugars , 2 types, 8 molecules

#3: Polysaccharide
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 424.401 Da / Num. of mol.: 6 / Source method: obtained synthetically
DescriptorTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/1,2,1/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O]/1-1/a4-b1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE
#4: Polysaccharide beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta- ...beta-D-mannopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose


Type: oligosaccharide / Mass: 586.542 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: isolated from a natural source
DescriptorTypeProgram
DManpb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-4DGlcpNAcb1-Glycam Condensed SequenceGMML 1.0
WURCS=2.0/2,3,2/[a2122h-1b_1-5_2*NCC/3=O][a1122h-1b_1-5]/1-1-2/a4-b1_b4-c1WURCSPDB2Glycan 1.1.0
[]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-GlcpNAc]{[(4+1)][b-D-Manp]{}}}}LINUCSPDB-CARE

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Non-polymers , 4 types, 11 molecules

#5: Chemical
ChemComp-GLU / GLUTAMIC ACID


Type: L-peptide linking / Mass: 147.129 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C5H9NO4
#6: Chemical ChemComp-NA / SODIUM ION


Mass: 22.990 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Formula: Na
#7: Chemical ChemComp-FWF / N,N'-[biphenyl-4,4'-diyldi(2R)propane-2,1-diyl]dipropane-2-sulfonamide


Mass: 480.684 Da / Num. of mol.: 2 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: C24H36N2O4S2
#8: Water ChemComp-HOH / water


Mass: 18.015 Da / Num. of mol.: 4 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Formula: H2O

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Details

Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: Heteromeric GluA1A2 with positive allosteric modulator (R,R)-2b and agonist glutamate (Glu)
Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#2 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.556 MDa / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human) / Strain: HEK 293S GntI- / Plasmid: pEG BacMam
Buffer solutionpH: 8
Details: 150 mM NaCl, 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, and 0.05% digitonin, 500 uM (R,R)-2b, 1 mM glutamate
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
1150 mMsodium chlorideNaCl1
220 mMTris-HClC4H11NO31
30.05 %digitoninC56H92O291
4500 uM(R,R)-2bC14H14N2O21
51 mMglutamateC5H9NO41
SpecimenConc.: 4.5 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Details: The sample had compositional heterogeneity, with broken particles seen throughout. Otherwise, sample was monodisperse
Specimen supportDetails: 15 mA / Grid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: UltrAuFoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 298 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: TFS KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: SPOT SCAN
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal defocus max: 2500 nm / Nominal defocus min: 1000 nm / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 100 µm
Image recordingElectron dose: 47.03 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 BIOQUANTUM (6k x 4k)

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Processing

EM softwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.11.1_2575 / Category: model refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 5802290
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C2 (2 fold cyclic)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.2 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 74183 / Symmetry type: POINT
RefinementStereochemistry target values: REAL-SPACE (WEIGHTED MAP SUM AT ATOM CENTERS)
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00525560
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d1.04234578
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d10.59115148
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0593850
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0084368

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