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- PDB-7nht: Akirin2 bound human proteasome -

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Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 7nht
TitleAkirin2 bound human proteasome
Components
  • (Proteasome subunit alpha type- ...) x 7
  • (Proteasome subunit beta type- ...) x 7
  • Akirin-2
KeywordsTRANSPORT PROTEIN / proteasome / nuclear import
Function / homology
Function and homology information


proteasome localization / regulation of muscle cell differentiation / positive regulation of B cell activation / nuclear protein quality control by the ubiquitin-proteasome system / positive regulation of adaptive immune response / purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding / embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching / positive regulation of innate immune response / Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) / Proteasome assembly ...proteasome localization / regulation of muscle cell differentiation / positive regulation of B cell activation / nuclear protein quality control by the ubiquitin-proteasome system / positive regulation of adaptive immune response / purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding / embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching / positive regulation of innate immune response / Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) / Proteasome assembly / Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes) / proteasome core complex / Somitogenesis / myofibril / immune system process / NF-kappaB binding / proteasome endopeptidase complex / proteasome core complex, beta-subunit complex / proteasome assembly / threonine-type endopeptidase activity / proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex / transcription repressor complex / proteasome complex / proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process / sarcomere / Regulation of activated PAK-2p34 by proteasome mediated degradation / Autodegradation of Cdh1 by Cdh1:APC/C / APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Securin / Asymmetric localization of PCP proteins / Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Cyclin D / transcription coregulator activity / SCF-beta-TrCP mediated degradation of Emi1 / NIK-->noncanonical NF-kB signaling / TNFR2 non-canonical NF-kB pathway / AUF1 (hnRNP D0) binds and destabilizes mRNA / Vpu mediated degradation of CD4 / Assembly of the pre-replicative complex / Ubiquitin-Mediated Degradation of Phosphorylated Cdc25A / Degradation of DVL / Dectin-1 mediated noncanonical NF-kB signaling / Cdc20:Phospho-APC/C mediated degradation of Cyclin A / negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus / Degradation of AXIN / P-body / Hh mutants are degraded by ERAD / lipopolysaccharide binding / Activation of NF-kappaB in B cells / Degradation of GLI1 by the proteasome / G2/M Checkpoints / Hedgehog ligand biogenesis / GSK3B and BTRC:CUL1-mediated-degradation of NFE2L2 / Defective CFTR causes cystic fibrosis / Autodegradation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 / Negative regulation of NOTCH4 signaling / Regulation of RUNX3 expression and activity / Vif-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G / Hedgehog 'on' state / Degradation of GLI2 by the proteasome / GLI3 is processed to GLI3R by the proteasome / FBXL7 down-regulates AURKA during mitotic entry and in early mitosis / APC/C:Cdh1 mediated degradation of Cdc20 and other APC/C:Cdh1 targeted proteins in late mitosis/early G1 / MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling / Degradation of beta-catenin by the destruction complex / cerebral cortex development / Oxygen-dependent proline hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha / ABC-family proteins mediated transport / CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 / positive regulation of interleukin-6 production / CLEC7A (Dectin-1) signaling / SCF(Skp2)-mediated degradation of p27/p21 / response to virus / FCERI mediated NF-kB activation / Regulation of expression of SLITs and ROBOs / Regulation of PTEN stability and activity / nuclear matrix / Interleukin-1 signaling / Orc1 removal from chromatin / protein import into nucleus / Regulation of RAS by GAPs / Regulation of RUNX2 expression and activity / The role of GTSE1 in G2/M progression after G2 checkpoint / Separation of Sister Chromatids / KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway / UCH proteinases / Downstream TCR signaling / Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation / peptidase activity / Neddylation / RUNX1 regulates transcription of genes involved in differentiation of HSCs / ER-Phagosome pathway / regulation of inflammatory response / response to oxidative stress / secretory granule lumen / protein-macromolecule adaptor activity / response to lipopolysaccharide / endopeptidase activity / ficolin-1-rich granule lumen / adaptive immune response / proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process / positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
Similarity search - Function
Akirin / Proteasome subunit alpha 1 / Aminohydrolase, N-terminal nucleophile (Ntn) domain / Glutamine Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate, subunit 1, domain 1 / Proteasome beta subunit, C-terminal / Proteasome beta subunits C terminal / Proteasome subunit beta 4 / Proteasome subunit beta 2 / Proteasome beta 3 subunit / Proteasome subunit alpha5 ...Akirin / Proteasome subunit alpha 1 / Aminohydrolase, N-terminal nucleophile (Ntn) domain / Glutamine Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate, subunit 1, domain 1 / Proteasome beta subunit, C-terminal / Proteasome beta subunits C terminal / Proteasome subunit beta 4 / Proteasome subunit beta 2 / Proteasome beta 3 subunit / Proteasome subunit alpha5 / Proteasome subunit alpha6 / Proteasome beta-type subunits signature. / Peptidase T1A, proteasome beta-subunit / Proteasome beta-type subunit, conserved site / Proteasome subunit A N-terminal signature / Proteasome alpha-type subunits signature. / Proteasome alpha-subunit, N-terminal domain / Proteasome subunit A N-terminal signature Add an annotation / Proteasome B-type subunit / Proteasome beta-type subunit profile. / : / Proteasome alpha-type subunit / Proteasome alpha-type subunit profile. / Proteasome subunit / Proteasome, subunit alpha/beta / Nucleophile aminohydrolases, N-terminal / 4-Layer Sandwich / Alpha Beta
Similarity search - Domain/homology
: / Proteasome subunit alpha type-7 / Proteasome subunit beta type-1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-2 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-3 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-4 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 / Proteasome subunit beta type-4 / Proteasome subunit beta type-6 ...: / Proteasome subunit alpha type-7 / Proteasome subunit beta type-1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-1 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-2 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-3 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-4 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 / Proteasome subunit beta type-4 / Proteasome subunit beta type-6 / Proteasome subunit beta type-5 / Proteasome subunit beta type-3 / Proteasome subunit beta type-2 / Proteasome subunit alpha type-6 / Akirin-2 / Proteasome subunit beta type-7
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.2 Å
AuthorsSingh, K. / Brunner, H. / Grishkovskaya, I. / de Almeida, M. / Hinterndorfer, M. / Zuber, J. / Haselbach, D.
CitationJournal: Nature / Year: 2021
Title: AKIRIN2 controls the nuclear import of proteasomes in vertebrates.
Authors: Melanie de Almeida / Matthias Hinterndorfer / Hanna Brunner / Irina Grishkovskaya / Kashish Singh / Alexander Schleiffer / Julian Jude / Sumit Deswal / Robert Kalis / Milica Vunjak / Thomas ...Authors: Melanie de Almeida / Matthias Hinterndorfer / Hanna Brunner / Irina Grishkovskaya / Kashish Singh / Alexander Schleiffer / Julian Jude / Sumit Deswal / Robert Kalis / Milica Vunjak / Thomas Lendl / Richard Imre / Elisabeth Roitinger / Tobias Neumann / Susanne Kandolf / Michael Schutzbier / Karl Mechtler / Gijs A Versteeg / David Haselbach / Johannes Zuber /
Abstract: Protein expression and turnover are controlled through a complex interplay of transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms to enable spatial and temporal regulation of ...Protein expression and turnover are controlled through a complex interplay of transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms to enable spatial and temporal regulation of cellular processes. To systematically elucidate such gene regulatory networks, we developed a CRISPR screening assay based on time-controlled Cas9 mutagenesis, intracellular immunostaining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting that enables the identification of regulatory factors independent of their effects on cellular fitness. We pioneered this approach by systematically probing the regulation of the transcription factor MYC, a master regulator of cell growth. Our screens uncover a highly conserved protein, AKIRIN2, that is essentially required for nuclear protein degradation. We found that AKIRIN2 forms homodimers that directly bind to fully assembled 20S proteasomes to mediate their nuclear import. During mitosis, proteasomes are excluded from condensing chromatin and re-imported into newly formed daughter nuclei in a highly dynamic, AKIRIN2-dependent process. Cells undergoing mitosis in the absence of AKIRIN2 become devoid of nuclear proteasomes, rapidly causing accumulation of MYC and other nuclear proteins. Collectively, our study reveals a dedicated pathway controlling the nuclear import of proteasomes in vertebrates and establishes a scalable approach to decipher regulators in essential cellular processes.
History
DepositionFeb 11, 2021Deposition site: PDBE / Processing site: PDBE
Revision 1.0Sep 1, 2021Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Nov 17, 2021Group: Data collection / Database references
Category: citation / citation_author ...citation / citation_author / em_admin / pdbx_database_proc
Item: _citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI ..._citation.journal_id_CSD / _citation.pdbx_database_id_DOI / _citation.pdbx_database_id_PubMed / _citation.title / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID / _citation_author.name / _em_admin.last_update
Revision 1.2Dec 1, 2021Group: Database references / Category: citation / citation_author
Item: _citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first ..._citation.journal_volume / _citation.page_first / _citation.page_last / _citation_author.identifier_ORCID
Revision 1.3Jul 10, 2024Group: Data collection / Refinement description
Category: chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond ...chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / em_3d_fitting_list / em_admin / pdbx_initial_refinement_model / refine
Item: _em_3d_fitting_list.accession_code / _em_3d_fitting_list.initial_refinement_model_id ..._em_3d_fitting_list.accession_code / _em_3d_fitting_list.initial_refinement_model_id / _em_3d_fitting_list.source_name / _em_3d_fitting_list.type / _em_admin.last_update / _refine.ls_d_res_high / _refine.ls_d_res_low

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Proteasome subunit alpha type-2
B: Proteasome subunit alpha type-4
C: Proteasome subunit alpha type-7
D: Proteasome subunit alpha type-5
E: Proteasome subunit alpha type-1
F: Proteasome subunit alpha type-3
G: Proteasome subunit alpha type-6
H: Proteasome subunit beta type-7
I: Proteasome subunit beta type-3
J: Proteasome subunit beta type-2
K: Proteasome subunit beta type-5
L: Proteasome subunit beta type-1
M: Proteasome subunit beta type-4
N: Proteasome subunit beta type-6
c: Akirin-2
d: Akirin-2
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)425,96419
Polymers425,84716
Non-polymers1173
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author&software
  • Evidence: mass spectrometry
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551
Buried area51330 Å2
ΔGint-199 kcal/mol
Surface area119570 Å2
MethodPISA

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Components

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Proteasome subunit alpha type- ... , 7 types, 7 molecules ABCDEFG

#1: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-2 / Macropain subunit C3 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C3 / Proteasome component C3


Mass: 25927.535 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa / References: UniProt: P25787
#2: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-4 / Macropain subunit C9 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C9 / Proteasome component C9 / ...Macropain subunit C9 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C9 / Proteasome component C9 / Proteasome subunit L


Mass: 29525.842 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: Hela / References: UniProt: P25789
#3: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-7 / Proteasome subunit RC6-1 / Proteasome subunit XAPC7


Mass: 27929.891 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: Hela / References: UniProt: O14818
#4: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 / Macropain zeta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex zeta chain / Proteasome zeta chain


Mass: 26435.977 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa / References: UniProt: P28066
#5: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-1 / 30 kDa prosomal protein / PROS-30 / Macropain subunit C2 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex ...30 kDa prosomal protein / PROS-30 / Macropain subunit C2 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C2 / Proteasome component C2 / Proteasome nu chain


Mass: 29595.627 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa / References: UniProt: P25786
#6: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-3 / Macropain subunit C8 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C8 / Proteasome component C8


Mass: 28469.252 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa / References: UniProt: P25788
#7: Protein Proteasome subunit alpha type-6 / 27 kDa prosomal protein / p27K / Macropain iota chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex iota ...27 kDa prosomal protein / p27K / Macropain iota chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex iota chain / Proteasome iota chain


Mass: 27432.459 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa / References: UniProt: P60900

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Proteasome subunit beta type- ... , 7 types, 7 molecules HIJKLMN

#8: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-7 / Macropain chain Z / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex chain Z / Proteasome subunit Z


Mass: 30000.418 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa
References: UniProt: Q99436, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#9: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-3 / Proteasome chain 13 / Proteasome component C10-II / Proteasome theta chain


Mass: 22972.896 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa
References: UniProt: P49720, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#10: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-2 / Macropain subunit C7-I / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C7-I / Proteasome component C7-I


Mass: 22864.277 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa
References: UniProt: P49721, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#11: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-5 / Macropain epsilon chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex epsilon chain / Proteasome chain 6 / ...Macropain epsilon chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex epsilon chain / Proteasome chain 6 / Proteasome epsilon chain / Proteasome subunit MB1 / Proteasome subunit X


Mass: 28510.248 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa
References: UniProt: P28074, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#12: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-1 / Macropain subunit C5 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C5 / Proteasome component C5 / ...Macropain subunit C5 / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C5 / Proteasome component C5 / Proteasome gamma chain


Mass: 26522.396 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa
References: UniProt: P20618, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#13: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-4 / 26 kDa prosomal protein / PROS-26 / Macropain beta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex ...26 kDa prosomal protein / PROS-26 / Macropain beta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex beta chain / Proteasome beta chain / Proteasome chain 3 / HsN3


Mass: 29231.178 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa
References: UniProt: P28070, proteasome endopeptidase complex
#14: Protein Proteasome subunit beta type-6 / Macropain delta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex delta chain / Proteasome delta chain / ...Macropain delta chain / Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex delta chain / Proteasome delta chain / Proteasome subunit Y


Mass: 25377.652 Da / Num. of mol.: 1 / Source method: isolated from a natural source / Source: (natural) Homo sapiens (human) / Cell line: HeLa
References: UniProt: P28072, proteasome endopeptidase complex

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Protein / Non-polymers , 2 types, 5 molecules cd

#15: Protein Akirin-2


Mass: 22525.582 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: AKIRIN2, C6orf166 / Production host: Escherichia coli BL21 (bacteria) / References: UniProt: Q53H80
#16: Chemical ChemComp-K / POTASSIUM ION


Mass: 39.098 Da / Num. of mol.: 3 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: K

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Details

Has ligand of interestN

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

Component
IDNameTypeEntity IDParent-IDSource
1Akirin2 bound to 20S proteasomeCOMPLEX#1-#150MULTIPLE SOURCES
220S proteasomeCOMPLEX#1-#141NATURAL
3Akirin2COMPLEX#151RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 0.78 MDa / Experimental value: YES
Source (natural)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
12Homo sapiens (human)9606
23Homo sapiens (human)9606
Source (recombinant)
IDEntity assembly-IDOrganismNcbi tax-ID
12Homo sapiens (human)9606
23Escherichia coli BL21 (bacteria)511693
Buffer solutionpH: 6.5
Buffer component
IDConc.NameFormulaBuffer-ID
150 mMBisTris1
250 mMpotassium chlorideKCl1
35 mMmagnesium chlorideMgCl21
42 mMDithiothreitolDTT1
52 mMAdenosin triphosphateATP1
SpecimenEmbedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: COPPER / Grid mesh size: 200 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R3.5/1
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Nominal magnification: 81000 X / Alignment procedure: ZEMLIN TABLEAU
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 1 sec. / Electron dose: 33 e/Å2 / Film or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1 / Num. of real images: 4595
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter name: GIF Bioquantum / Energyfilter slit width: 20 eV

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Processing

SoftwareName: PHENIX / Version: 1.18.2_3874: / Classification: refinement
EM software
IDNameVersionCategory
2EPUimage acquisition
4CTFFIND4CTF correction
7UCSF Chimeramodel fitting
9REFMACmodel refinement
10cryoSPARCinitial Euler assignment
11RELION3.1final Euler assignment
12RELION3.1classification
13RELION3.13D reconstruction
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Particle selectionNum. of particles selected: 1427356
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C1 (asymmetric)
3D reconstructionResolution: 3.2 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 37447 / Algorithm: FOURIER SPACE / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingProtocol: FLEXIBLE FIT / Space: RECIPROCAL
Atomic model buildingPDB-ID: 5LE5

5le5


Accession code: 5LE5 / Source name: PDB / Type: experimental model
RefinementResolution: 3.2→3.2 Å / Cor.coef. Fo:Fc: 0.929 / SU B: 8.555 / SU ML: 0.153 / ESU R: 0.284
Stereochemistry target values: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD WITH PHASES
Details: HYDROGENS HAVE BEEN ADDED IN THE RIDING POSITIONS
RfactorNum. reflection% reflection
Rwork0.23481 --
obs0.23481 233987 100 %
Solvent computationIon probe radii: 0.8 Å / Shrinkage radii: 0.8 Å / VDW probe radii: 1.2 Å / Solvent model: MASK
Displacement parametersBiso mean: 89.953 Å2
Baniso -1Baniso -2Baniso -3
1-1.02 Å20.47 Å2-0.07 Å2
2---0.36 Å2-0.29 Å2
3----0.66 Å2
Refinement stepCycle: 1 / Total: 24956
Refine LS restraints
Refine-IDTypeDev idealNumber
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_bond_d0.00525362
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_angle_d0.57134285
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_dihedral_angle_d4.8533543
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_chiral_restr0.0443855
ELECTRON MICROSCOPYf_plane_restr0.0044426
LS refinement shellResolution: 2.8→2.873 Å / Total num. of bins used: 20
RfactorNum. reflection% reflection
Rfree0 0 -
Rwork0.575 17294 -
obs--100 %

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