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- PDB-6q2j: Cryo-EM structure of extracellular dimeric complex of RET/GFRAL/GDF15 -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: PDB / ID: 6q2j
TitleCryo-EM structure of extracellular dimeric complex of RET/GFRAL/GDF15
Components
  • GDNF family receptor alpha-like
  • Growth/differentiation factor 15
  • Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret
KeywordsSIGNALING PROTEIN / RET / receptor tyrosine kinase / cryo-EM
Function / homology
Function and homology information


response to metformin / negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway / glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity / reduction of food intake in response to dietary excess / Peyer's patch morphogenesis / GDF15-GFRAL signaling pathway / positive regulation of metanephric glomerulus development / ureter maturation / embryonic epithelial tube formation / glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway ...response to metformin / negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway / glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity / reduction of food intake in response to dietary excess / Peyer's patch morphogenesis / GDF15-GFRAL signaling pathway / positive regulation of metanephric glomerulus development / ureter maturation / embryonic epithelial tube formation / glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway / lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs / posterior midgut development / Formation of the ureteric bud / membrane protein proteolysis / negative regulation of leukocyte migration / Formation of the nephric duct / enteric nervous system development / neuron cell-cell adhesion / negative regulation of appetite / positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation / plasma membrane protein complex / neuron maturation / cellular response to chemical stress / positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand / stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade / positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin / neural crest cell migration / ureteric bud development / negative regulation of multicellular organism growth / positive regulation of myoblast fusion / regulation of axonogenesis / response to pain / homophilic cell-cell adhesion / negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction / RET signaling / positive regulation of cell size / negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand / regulation of cell adhesion / cellular response to retinoic acid / NPAS4 regulates expression of target genes / transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity / transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway / axon guidance / cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway / cytokine activity / growth factor activity / negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway / positive regulation of neuron projection development / receptor protein-tyrosine kinase / hormone activity / receptor tyrosine kinase binding / nervous system development / cell-cell signaling / signaling receptor activity / MAPK cascade / actin cytoskeleton / RAF/MAP kinase cascade / protein tyrosine kinase activity / negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process / positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction / receptor complex / positive regulation of MAPK cascade / endosome membrane / positive regulation of cell migration / axon / external side of plasma membrane / focal adhesion / calcium ion binding / positive regulation of gene expression / positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription / Golgi apparatus / signal transduction / protein homodimerization activity / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / nucleoplasm / ATP binding / nucleus / plasma membrane / cytoplasm
Similarity search - Function
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor receptor / GDNF receptor alpha / GDNF/GAS1 / GDNF/GAS1 domain / GDNF/GAS1 domain / Tyrosine-protein kinase, Ret receptor / Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret, cadherin like domain 3 / Ret, cadherin like domain 1 / RET, cadherin-like domain 4 / : ...Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor receptor / GDNF receptor alpha / GDNF/GAS1 / GDNF/GAS1 domain / GDNF/GAS1 domain / Tyrosine-protein kinase, Ret receptor / Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret, cadherin like domain 3 / Ret, cadherin like domain 1 / RET, cadherin-like domain 4 / : / RET Cadherin like domain 1 / RET Cadherin like domain 3 / RET Cadherin like domain 4 / RET, Cysteine Rich Domain / Transforming growth factor-beta-related / Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family / Transforming growth factor-beta, C-terminal / Transforming growth factor beta like domain / TGF-beta family profile. / Cadherin domain / Cadherin-like / Cadherins domain profile. / Cadherin-like superfamily / Cystine-knot cytokine / : / Tyrosine-protein kinase, catalytic domain / Tyrosine kinase, catalytic domain / Tyrosine protein kinases specific active-site signature. / Tyrosine-protein kinase, active site / Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase, catalytic domain / Protein tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase / Protein kinase, ATP binding site / Protein kinases ATP-binding region signature. / Protein kinase domain profile. / Protein kinase domain / Protein kinase-like domain superfamily
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret / GDNF family receptor alpha-like / Growth/differentiation factor 15
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesHomo sapiens (human)
MethodELECTRON MICROSCOPY / single particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 4.1 Å
AuthorsLi, J. / Shang, G.J. / Chen, Y.J. / Brautigam, C.A. / Liou, J. / Zhang, X.W. / Bai, X.C.
CitationJournal: Elife / Year: 2019
Title: Cryo-EM analyses reveal the common mechanism and diversification in the activation of RET by different ligands.
Authors: Jie Li / Guijun Shang / Yu-Ju Chen / Chad A Brautigam / Jen Liou / Xuewu Zhang / Xiao-Chen Bai /
Abstract: RET is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that plays essential roles in development and has been implicated in several human diseases. Different from most of RTKs, RET requires not only its cognate ...RET is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that plays essential roles in development and has been implicated in several human diseases. Different from most of RTKs, RET requires not only its cognate ligands but also co-receptors for activation, the mechanisms of which remain unclear due to lack of high-resolution structures of the ligand/co-receptor/receptor complexes. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of the extracellular region ternary complexes of GDF15/GFRAL/RET, GDNF/GFRα1/RET, NRTN/GFRα2/RET and ARTN/GFRα3/RET. These structures reveal that all the four ligand/co-receptor pairs, while using different atomic interactions, induce a specific dimerization mode of RET that is poised to bring the two kinase domains into close proximity for cross-phosphorylation. The NRTN/GFRα2/RET dimeric complex further pack into a tetrameric assembly, which is shown by our cell-based assays to regulate the endocytosis of RET. Our analyses therefore reveal both the common mechanism and diversification in the activation of RET by different ligands.
History
DepositionAug 8, 2019Deposition site: RCSB / Processing site: RCSB
Revision 1.0Oct 2, 2019Provider: repository / Type: Initial release
Revision 1.1Jul 29, 2020Group: Data collection / Derived calculations / Structure summary
Category: chem_comp / entity ...chem_comp / entity / pdbx_chem_comp_identifier / pdbx_entity_nonpoly / struct_conn / struct_site / struct_site_gen
Item: _chem_comp.name / _chem_comp.type ..._chem_comp.name / _chem_comp.type / _entity.pdbx_description / _pdbx_entity_nonpoly.name / _struct_conn.conn_type_id / _struct_conn.id / _struct_conn.pdbx_dist_value / _struct_conn.pdbx_leaving_atom_flag / _struct_conn.pdbx_role / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_atom_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr1_label_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_comp_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_auth_seq_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_asym_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_atom_id / _struct_conn.ptnr2_label_comp_id
Description: Carbohydrate remediation / Provider: repository / Type: Remediation
Revision 1.2Oct 9, 2024Group: Data collection / Database references / Structure summary
Category: chem_comp / chem_comp_atom ...chem_comp / chem_comp_atom / chem_comp_bond / database_2 / em_admin / pdbx_entry_details / pdbx_modification_feature
Item: _chem_comp.pdbx_synonyms / _database_2.pdbx_DOI ..._chem_comp.pdbx_synonyms / _database_2.pdbx_DOI / _database_2.pdbx_database_accession / _em_admin.last_update / _pdbx_entry_details.has_protein_modification

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Structure visualization

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Assembly

Deposited unit
A: Growth/differentiation factor 15
C: GDNF family receptor alpha-like
E: Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret
B: Growth/differentiation factor 15
D: GDNF family receptor alpha-like
F: Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret
hetero molecules


Theoretical massNumber of molelcules
Total (without water)249,61928
Polymers246,2016
Non-polymers3,41822
Water00
1


  • Idetical with deposited unit
  • defined by author
  • Evidence: gel filtration
TypeNameSymmetry operationNumber
identity operation1_5551

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Components

#1: Protein Growth/differentiation factor 15 / GDF-15 / Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 / MIC-1 / NSAID-activated gene 1 protein / NAG-1 / NSAID- ...GDF-15 / Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 / MIC-1 / NSAID-activated gene 1 protein / NAG-1 / NSAID-regulated gene 1 protein / NRG-1 / Placental TGF-beta / Placental bone morphogenetic protein / Prostate differentiation factor


Mass: 14879.113 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GDF15, MIC1, PDF, PLAB, PTGFB / Production host: Escherichia coli (E. coli) / References: UniProt: Q99988
#2: Protein GDNF family receptor alpha-like


Mass: 39120.598 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: GFRAL, C6orf144, UNQ9356/PRO34128 / Cell line (production host): HEK293 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human) / References: UniProt: Q6UXV0
#3: Protein Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret / Cadherin family member 12 / Proto-oncogene c-Ret


Mass: 69100.812 Da / Num. of mol.: 2
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Source: (gene. exp.) Homo sapiens (human) / Gene: RET, CDHF12, CDHR16, PTC, RET51 / Cell line (production host): HEK293 / Production host: Homo sapiens (human)
References: UniProt: P07949, receptor protein-tyrosine kinase
#4: Sugar
ChemComp-NAG / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose / 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-glucose / N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE


Type: D-saccharide, beta linking / Mass: 221.208 Da / Num. of mol.: 14
Source method: isolated from a genetically manipulated source
Formula: C8H15NO6 / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
IdentifierTypeProgram
DGlcpNAcbCONDENSED IUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
N-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosamineCOMMON NAMEGMML 1.0
b-D-GlcpNAcIUPAC CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLPDB-CARE 1.0
GlcNAcSNFG CARBOHYDRATE SYMBOLGMML 1.0
#5: Chemical
ChemComp-CA / CALCIUM ION


Mass: 40.078 Da / Num. of mol.: 8 / Source method: obtained synthetically / Formula: Ca / Feature type: SUBJECT OF INVESTIGATION
Has ligand of interestY
Has protein modificationY

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Experimental details

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Experiment

ExperimentMethod: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EM experimentAggregation state: PARTICLE / 3D reconstruction method: single particle reconstruction

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Sample preparation

ComponentName: RET, GFRAL and GDF15 extracellular complex / Type: COMPLEX / Entity ID: #1-#3 / Source: RECOMBINANT
Molecular weightValue: 200 kDa/nm / Experimental value: NO
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Source (recombinant)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Buffer solutionpH: 7.4
SpecimenConc.: 1 mg/ml / Embedding applied: NO / Shadowing applied: NO / Staining applied: NO / Vitrification applied: YES
Specimen supportGrid material: GOLD / Grid mesh size: 300 divisions/in. / Grid type: Quantifoil R1.2/1.3
VitrificationInstrument: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / Cryogen name: ETHANE / Humidity: 100 % / Chamber temperature: 277 K

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Electron microscopy imaging

Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company
MicroscopyModel: FEI TITAN KRIOS
Electron gunElectron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN / Accelerating voltage: 300 kV / Illumination mode: FLOOD BEAM
Electron lensMode: BRIGHT FIELD / Calibrated magnification: 46729 X / Cs: 2.7 mm / C2 aperture diameter: 70 µm / Alignment procedure: COMA FREE
Specimen holderCryogen: NITROGEN / Specimen holder model: FEI TITAN KRIOS AUTOGRID HOLDER
Image recordingAverage exposure time: 15 sec. / Electron dose: 50 e/Å2 / Detector mode: SUPER-RESOLUTION / Film or detector model: GATAN K2 QUANTUM (4k x 4k) / Num. of grids imaged: 1
EM imaging opticsEnergyfilter name: GIF Quantum LS / Energyfilter slit width: 20 eV
Image scansMovie frames/image: 30 / Used frames/image: 1-30

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Processing

EM software
IDNameCategory
1RELIONparticle selection
2EPUimage acquisition
4RELIONCTF correction
7Cootmodel fitting
9RELIONinitial Euler assignment
10RELIONfinal Euler assignment
11RELIONclassification
12RELION3D reconstruction
13PHENIXmodel refinement
CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
SymmetryPoint symmetry: C2 (2 fold cyclic)
3D reconstructionResolution: 4.1 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Num. of particles: 520480 / Symmetry type: POINT
Atomic model buildingB value: 190 / Protocol: FLEXIBLE FIT / Space: REAL

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