ジャーナル: J Mol Biol / 年: 2012 タイトル: An examination of the electrostatic interactions between the N-terminal tail of the Brome Mosaic Virus coat protein and encapsidated RNAs. 著者: Peng Ni / Zhao Wang / Xiang Ma / Nayaran Chandra Das / Paul Sokol / Wah Chiu / Bogdan Dragnea / Michael Hagan / C Cheng Kao / 要旨: The coat protein of positive-stranded RNA viruses often contains a positively charged tail that extends toward the center of the capsid and interacts with the viral genome. Electrostatic interaction ...The coat protein of positive-stranded RNA viruses often contains a positively charged tail that extends toward the center of the capsid and interacts with the viral genome. Electrostatic interaction between the tail and the RNA has been postulated as a major force in virus assembly and stabilization. The goal of this work is to examine the correlation between electrostatic interaction and amount of RNA packaged in the tripartite Brome Mosaic Virus (BMV). Nanoindentation experiment using atomic force microscopy showed that the stiffness of BMV virions with different RNAs varied by a range that is 10-fold higher than that would be predicted by electrostatics. BMV mutants with decreased positive charges encapsidated lower amounts of RNA while mutants with increased positive charges packaged additional RNAs up to ∼900 nt. However, the extra RNAs included truncated BMV RNAs, an additional copy of RNA4, potential cellular RNAs, or a combination of the three, indicating that change in the charge of the capsid could result in several different outcomes in RNA encapsidation. In addition, mutant with specific arginines changed to lysines in the capsid also exhibited defects in the specific encapsidation of BMV RNA4. The experimental results indicate that electrostatics is a major component in RNA encapsidation but was unable to account for all of the observed effects on RNA encapsidation. Thermodynamic modeling incorporating the electrostatics was able to predict the approximate length of the RNA to be encapsidated for the majority of mutant virions, but not for a mutant with extreme clustered positive charges. Cryo-electron microscopy of virions that encapsidated an additional copy of RNA4 revealed that, despite the increase in RNA encapsidated, the capsid structure was minimally changed. These results experimentally demonstrated the impact of electrostatics and additional restraints in the encapsidation of BMV RNAs, which could be applicable to other viruses.
pH: 5.2 詳細: virus 928 buffer II (50 mM NaOAc, 10 mM MgCl2, pH 5.2), 50% w/v CsCl
染色
タイプ: NEGATIVE / 詳細: 1.2/1.3 Quantifoil grid
凍結
凍結剤: ETHANE / チャンバー内湿度: 100 % / チャンバー内温度: 20 K / 装置: FEI VITROBOT MARK IV / 手法: Blot for 2 seconds.
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電子顕微鏡法
顕微鏡
JEOL 3200FSC
日付
2009年9月11日
撮影
カテゴリ: CCD フィルム・検出器のモデル: GENERIC GATAN (4k x 4k) 実像数: 471
電子線
加速電圧: 300 kV / 電子線源: FIELD EMISSION GUN
電子光学系
照射モード: OTHER / 撮影モード: BRIGHT FIELD / 倍率(公称値): 80000
試料ステージ
試料ホルダーモデル: JEOL 3200FSC CRYOHOLDER
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画像解析
詳細
Particles were selected from electron micrographs using the EMAN Boxer routine. The particles were translationally and rotationally aligned, classified, and averaged without applying symmetry using the EMAN Refine2d command. Initial model for reconstruction: approximately 3000 particles were selected by MPSA (Multi-Path Simulated Annealing) to build a subnanometer model of 2H15. The map was then refined using EMAN.