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- EMDB-32168: ACE2-RBD in SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant S-ACE2 complex -

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Basic information

Entry
Database: EMDB / ID: EMD-32168
TitleACE2-RBD in SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant S-ACE2 complex
Map data
Sample
  • Complex: Beta SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in complex with ACE2
    • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: ZINC ION
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
KeywordsSARS-CoV-2 / coronavirus / Beta variant / B.1.351 lineage / Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / VIRAL PROTEIN
Function / homology
Function and homology information


positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / maternal process involved in female pregnancy ...positive regulation of amino acid transport / angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane / Hydrolases; Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases); Metallocarboxypeptidases / angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior / positive regulation of gap junction assembly / regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin / tryptophan transport / regulation of cardiac conduction / maternal process involved in female pregnancy / regulation of vasoconstriction / peptidyl-dipeptidase activity / transporter activator activity / Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins / carboxypeptidase activity / angiotensin maturation / Attachment and Entry / receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell / metallocarboxypeptidase activity / viral life cycle / positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction / regulation of cytokine production / blood vessel diameter maintenance / negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation / brush border membrane / negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade / positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process / metallopeptidase activity / endocytic vesicle membrane / regulation of cell population proliferation / virus receptor activity / regulation of inflammatory response / endopeptidase activity / symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue / Maturation of spike protein / Translation of Structural Proteins / Virion Assembly and Release / host cell surface / host extracellular space / viral translation / symbiont-mediated-mediated suppression of host tetherin activity / Potential therapeutics for SARS / Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion / structural constituent of virion / entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / membrane fusion / Attachment and Entry / host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane / positive regulation of viral entry into host cell / receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell / host cell surface receptor binding / cilium / symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response / apical plasma membrane / membrane raft / receptor ligand activity / endocytosis involved in viral entry into host cell / endoplasmic reticulum lumen / fusion of virus membrane with host plasma membrane / fusion of virus membrane with host endosome membrane / viral envelope / symbiont entry into host cell / virion attachment to host cell / SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses / host cell plasma membrane / virion membrane / cell surface / negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II / extracellular space / extracellular exosome / extracellular region / zinc ion binding / identical protein binding / membrane / plasma membrane
Similarity search - Function
Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal ...Collectrin domain / Renal amino acid transporter / Collectrin-like domain profile. / Peptidase M2, peptidyl-dipeptidase A / Angiotensin-converting enzyme / Peptidase family M2 domain profile. / Neutral zinc metallopeptidases, zinc-binding region signature. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, SARS-CoV-2 / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, N-terminal domain, SARS-CoV-like / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, C-terminal / Spike glycoprotein, N-terminal domain superfamily / Spike S1 subunit, receptor binding domain superfamily, betacoronavirus / Spike glycoprotein, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit N-terminal (NTD) domain profile. / Betacoronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S1 subunit C-terminal (CTD) domain profile. / Spike (S) protein S1 subunit, receptor-binding domain, betacoronavirus / Betacoronavirus spike glycoprotein S1, receptor binding / Spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal domain, betacoronavirus-like / Betacoronavirus-like spike glycoprotein S1, N-terminal / Spike glycoprotein S2 superfamily, coronavirus / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 1 / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus, heptad repeat 2 / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region profile. / Coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein S2 subunit heptad repeat 2 (HR2) region profile. / Spike glycoprotein S2, coronavirus / Coronavirus spike glycoprotein S2
Similarity search - Domain/homology
Spike glycoprotein / Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Similarity search - Component
Biological speciesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Homo sapiens (human)
Methodsingle particle reconstruction / cryo EM / Resolution: 3.9 Å
AuthorsXu C / Cong Y
Funding support China, 1 items
OrganizationGrant numberCountry
Chinese Academy of Sciences China
CitationJournal: Nat Commun / Year: 2021
Title: Conformational dynamics of the Beta and Kappa SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins and their complexes with ACE2 receptor revealed by cryo-EM.
Authors: Yifan Wang / Cong Xu / Yanxing Wang / Qin Hong / Chao Zhang / Zuyang Li / Shiqi Xu / Qinyu Zuo / Caixuan Liu / Zhong Huang / Yao Cong /
Abstract: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Kappa and Beta variants with enhanced transmissibility and resistance to neutralizing antibodies has created new challenges for the control of the ongoing COVID-19 ...The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Kappa and Beta variants with enhanced transmissibility and resistance to neutralizing antibodies has created new challenges for the control of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding the structural nature of Kappa and Beta spike (S) proteins and their association with ACE2 is of significant importance. Here we present two cryo-EM structures for each of the Kappa and Beta spikes in the open and open-prone transition states. Compared with wild-type (WT) or G614 spikes, the two variant spikes appear more untwisted/open especially for Beta, and display a considerable population shift towards the open state as well as more pronounced conformational dynamics. Moreover, we capture four conformational states of the S-trimer/ACE2 complex for each of the two variants, revealing an enlarged conformational landscape for the Kappa and Beta S-ACE2 complexes and pronounced population shift towards the three RBDs up conformation. These results implicate that the mutations in Kappa and Beta may modify the kinetics of receptor binding and viral fusion to improve virus fitness. Combined with biochemical analysis, our structural study shows that the two variants are enabled to efficiently interact with ACE2 receptor despite their sensitive ACE2 binding surface is modified to escape recognition by some potent neutralizing MAbs. Our findings shed new light on the pathogenicity and immune evasion mechanism of the Beta and Kappa variants.
History
DepositionNov 12, 2021-
Header (metadata) releaseDec 1, 2021-
Map releaseDec 1, 2021-
UpdateJul 2, 2025-
Current statusJul 2, 2025Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released

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Structure visualization

Movie
  • Surface view with section colored by density value
  • Surface level: 0.596
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view colored by height
  • Surface level: 0.596
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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  • Surface view with fitted model
  • Atomic models: PDB-7vx4
  • Surface level: 0.596
  • Imaged by UCSF Chimera
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Movie viewer
Structure viewerEM map:
SurfViewMolmilJmol/JSmol
Supplemental images

emd_32168.png

Downloads & links

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Map

FileDownload / File: emd_32168.map.gz / Format: CCP4 / Size: 178 MB / Type: IMAGE STORED AS FLOATING POINT NUMBER (4 BYTES)
Projections & slices

Image control

Size
Brightness
Contrast
Others
AxesZ (Sec.)Y (Row.)X (Col.)
1.09 Å/pix.
x 360 pix.
= 393.48 Å		1.09 Å/pix.
x 360 pix.
= 393.48 Å		1.09 Å/pix.
x 360 pix.
= 393.48 Å

Surface

Projections

Slices (1/3)

Slices (1/2)

Slices (2/3)

Images are generated by Spider.

Voxel sizeX=Y=Z: 1.093 Å
Density

Histogram

Histogram (log scale)
Contour LevelBy AUTHOR: 0.596 / Movie #1: 0.596
Minimum - Maximum-3.864579 - 7.1475883
Average (Standard dev.)-0.0015916098 (±0.061752886)
SymmetrySpace group: 1
Details

EMDB XML:

Map geometry
Axis orderXYZ
Origin000
Dimensions360360360
Spacing360360360
CellA=B=C: 393.48 Å
α=β=γ: 90.0 °

CCP4 map header:

modeImage stored as Reals
Å/pix. X/Y/Z1.0931.0931.093
M x/y/z360360360
origin x/y/z0.0000.0000.000
length x/y/z393.480393.480393.480
α/β/γ90.00090.00090.000
start NX/NY/NZ000
NX/NY/NZ400400400
MAP C/R/S123
start NC/NR/NS000
NC/NR/NS360360360
D min/max/mean-3.8657.148-0.002

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Supplemental data

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Sample components

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Entire : Beta SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in complex with ACE2

EntireName: Beta SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in complex with ACE2
Components
  • Complex: Beta SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in complex with ACE2
    • Protein or peptide: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
    • Protein or peptide: Spike glycoprotein
  • Ligand: ZINC ION
  • Ligand: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Supramolecule #1: Beta SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in complex with ACE2

SupramoleculeName: Beta SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in complex with ACE2 / type: complex / ID: 1 / Parent: 0 / Macromolecule list: #1-#2
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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Macromolecule #1: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

MacromoleculeName: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 1 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO / EC number: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Source (natural)Organism: Homo sapiens (human)
Molecular weightTheoretical: 72.396492 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MHSSALLCCL VLLTGVRAQS TIEEQAKTFL DKFNHEAEDL FYQSSLASWN YNTNITEENV QNMNNAGDKW SAFLKEQSTL AQMYPLQEI QNLTVKLQLQ ALQQNGSSVL SEDKSKRLNT ILNTMSTIYS TGKVCNPDNP QECLLLEPGL NEIMANSLDY N ERLWAWES ...String:
MHSSALLCCL VLLTGVRAQS TIEEQAKTFL DKFNHEAEDL FYQSSLASWN YNTNITEENV QNMNNAGDKW SAFLKEQSTL AQMYPLQEI QNLTVKLQLQ ALQQNGSSVL SEDKSKRLNT ILNTMSTIYS TGKVCNPDNP QECLLLEPGL NEIMANSLDY N ERLWAWES WRSEVGKQLR PLYEEYVVLK NEMARANHYE DYGDYWRGDY EVNGVDGYDY SRGQLIEDVE HTFEEIKPLY EH LHAYVRA KLMNAYPSYI SPIGCLPAHL LGDMWGRFWT NLYSLTVPFG QKPNIDVTDA MVDQAWDAQR IFKEAEKFFV SVG LPNMTQ GFWENSMLTD PGNVQKAVCH PTAWDLGKGD FRILMCTKVT MDDFLTAHHE MGHIQYDMAY AAQPFLLRNG ANEG FHEAV GEIMSLSAAT PKHLKSIGLL SPDFQEDNET EINFLLKQAL TIVGTLPFTY MLEKWRWMVF KGEIPKDQWM KKWWE MKRE IVGVVEPVPH DETYCDPASL FHVSNDYSFI RYYTRTLYQF QFQEALCQAA KHEGPLHKCD ISNSTEAGQK LFNMLR LGK SEPWTLALEN VVGAKNMNVR PLLNYFEPLF TWLKDQNKNS FVGWSTDWSP YADHHHHHHH HH

UniProtKB: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2

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Macromolecule #2: Spike glycoprotein

MacromoleculeName: Spike glycoprotein / type: protein_or_peptide / ID: 2 / Number of copies: 1 / Enantiomer: LEVO
Source (natural)Organism: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Molecular weightTheoretical: 139.650516 KDa
Recombinant expressionOrganism: Homo sapiens (human)
SequenceString: MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNFTT RTQLPPAYTN SFTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHS TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHAIHV SGTNGTKRFA NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF ...String:
MFVFLVLLPL VSSQCVNFTT RTQLPPAYTN SFTRGVYYPD KVFRSSVLHS TQDLFLPFFS NVTWFHAIHV SGTNGTKRFA NPVLPFNDG VYFASTEKSN IIRGWIFGTT LDSKTQSLLI VNNATNVVIK VCEFQFCNDP FLGVYYHKNN KSWMESEFRV Y SSANNCTF EYVSQPFLMD LEGKQGNFKN LREFVFKNID GYFKIYSKHT PINLVRGLPQ GFSALEPLVD LPIGINITRF QT LHISYLT PGDSSSGWTA GAAAYYVGYL QPRTFLLKYN ENGTITDAVD CALDPLSETK CTLKSFTVEK GIYQTSNFRV QPT ESIVRF PNITNLCPFG EVFNATRFAS VYAWNRKRIS NCVADYSVLY NSASFSTFKC YGVSPTKLND LCFTNVYADS FVIR GDEVR QIAPGQTGNI ADYNYKLPDD FTGCVIAWNS NNLDSKVGGN YNYLYRLFRK SNLKPFERDI STEIYQAGST PCNGV KGFN CYFPLQSYGF QPTYGVGYQP YRVVVLSFEL LHAPATVCGP KKSTNLVKNK CVNFNFNGLT GTGVLTESNK KFLPFQ QFG RDIADTTDAV RDPQTLEILD ITPCSFGGVS VITPGTNTSN QVAVLYQGVN CTEVPVAIHA DQLTPTWRVY STGSNVF QT RAGCLIGAEH VNNSYECDIP IGAGICASYQ TQTNSPGSAS SVASQSIIAY TMSLGVENSV AYSNNSIAIP TNFTISVT T EILPVSMTKT SVDCTMYICG DSTECSNLLL QYGSFCTQLN RALTGIAVEQ DKNTQEVFAQ VKQIYKTPPI KDFGGFNFS QILPDPSKPS KRSFIEDLLF NKVTLADAGF IKQYGDCLGD IAARDLICAQ KFNGLTVLPP LLTDEMIAQY TSALLAGTIT SGWTFGAGA ALQIPFAMQM AYRFNGIGVT QNVLYENQKL IANQFNSAIG KIQDSLSSTA SALGKLQDVV NQNAQALNTL V KQLSSNFG AISSVLNDIL SRLDPPEAEV QIDRLITGRL QSLQTYVTQQ LIRAAEIRAS ANLAATKMSE CVLGQSKRVD FC GKGYHLM SFPQSAPHGV VFLHVTYVPA QEKNFTTAPA ICHDGKAHFP REGVFVSNGT HWFVTQRNFY EPQIITTDNT FVS GNCDVV IGIVNNTVYD PLQPELDSFK EELDKYFKNH TSPDVDLGDI SGINASVVNI QKEIDRLNEV AKNLNESLID LQEL GKYEQ GSGYIPEAPR DGQAYVRKDG EWVLLSTFLE NLYFQGDYKD DDDKHHHHHH HHH

UniProtKB: Spike glycoprotein

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Macromolecule #3: ZINC ION

MacromoleculeName: ZINC ION / type: ligand / ID: 3 / Number of copies: 1 / Formula: ZN
Molecular weightTheoretical: 65.409 Da

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Macromolecule #4: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

MacromoleculeName: 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose / type: ligand / ID: 4 / Number of copies: 5 / Formula: NAG
Molecular weightTheoretical: 221.208 Da
Chemical component information

ChemComp-NAG:
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose

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Experimental details

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Structure determination

Methodcryo EM
Processingsingle particle reconstruction
Aggregation stateparticle

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Sample preparation

BufferpH: 7.5
VitrificationCryogen name: ETHANE

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Electron microscopy

MicroscopeFEI TITAN KRIOS
Image recordingFilm or detector model: GATAN K3 (6k x 4k) / Average electron dose: 50.0 e/Å2
Electron beamAcceleration voltage: 300 kV / Electron source: FIELD EMISSION GUN
Electron opticsIllumination mode: FLOOD BEAM / Imaging mode: BRIGHT FIELD
Experimental equipment
Model: Titan Krios / Image courtesy: FEI Company

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Image processing

CTF correctionType: PHASE FLIPPING AND AMPLITUDE CORRECTION
Startup modelType of model: EMDB MAP
Final reconstructionResolution.type: BY AUTHOR / Resolution: 3.9 Å / Resolution method: FSC 0.143 CUT-OFF / Number images used: 116951
Initial angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD
Final angle assignmentType: MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD

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