Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
JP19am0101001 (support number 0053)
Japan
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
15K21608
Japan
Japan Science and Technology
JPMJCR14M1
Japan
Japan Science and Technology
JPMJCR13M7
Japan
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
25111004
Japan
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
JP19am0101079 (support number 0739)
Japan
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
19H05707
Japan
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
18H03989
Japan
Citation
Journal: Nat Struct Mol Biol / Year: 2020 Title: Atg9 is a lipid scramblase that mediates autophagosomal membrane expansion. Authors: Kazuaki Matoba / Tetsuya Kotani / Akihisa Tsutsumi / Takuma Tsuji / Takaharu Mori / Daisuke Noshiro / Yuji Sugita / Norimichi Nomura / So Iwata / Yoshinori Ohsumi / Toyoshi Fujimoto / ...Authors: Kazuaki Matoba / Tetsuya Kotani / Akihisa Tsutsumi / Takuma Tsuji / Takaharu Mori / Daisuke Noshiro / Yuji Sugita / Norimichi Nomura / So Iwata / Yoshinori Ohsumi / Toyoshi Fujimoto / Hitoshi Nakatogawa / Masahide Kikkawa / Nobuo N Noda / Abstract: The molecular function of Atg9, the sole transmembrane protein in the autophagosome-forming machinery, remains unknown. Atg9 colocalizes with Atg2 at the expanding edge of the isolation membrane (IM) ...The molecular function of Atg9, the sole transmembrane protein in the autophagosome-forming machinery, remains unknown. Atg9 colocalizes with Atg2 at the expanding edge of the isolation membrane (IM), where Atg2 receives phospholipids from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here we report that yeast and human Atg9 are lipid scramblases that translocate phospholipids between outer and inner leaflets of liposomes in vitro. Cryo-EM of fission yeast Atg9 reveals a homotrimer, with two connected pores forming a path between the two membrane leaflets: one pore, located at a protomer, opens laterally to the cytoplasmic leaflet; the other, at the trimer center, traverses the membrane vertically. Mutation of residues lining the pores impaired IM expansion and autophagy activity in yeast and abolished Atg9's ability to transport phospholipids between liposome leaflets. These results suggest that phospholipids delivered by Atg2 are translocated from the cytoplasmic to the luminal leaflet by Atg9, thereby driving autophagosomal membrane expansion.
History
Deposition
Sep 14, 2020
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Header (metadata) release
Oct 28, 2020
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Map release
Oct 28, 2020
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Update
Dec 16, 2020
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Current status
Dec 16, 2020
Processing site: PDBj / Status: Released
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